ਕੁਬਤੀ ਲੋਕ: ਰੀਵਿਜ਼ਨਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ

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ਲਾਈਨ 1:
{{ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀਡੱਬਾ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਟੋਲੀ|
| group = ਕੁਬਤ<br>{{lower|0.2em|{{ਕੁਬਤੀ|ⲚⲓⲢⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ̀ⲛ̀Ⲭⲣⲏⲥⲧⲓ̀ⲁⲛⲟⲥ}}}}
|population = 1 ਤੋਂ 2 ਕਰੋੜ<ref name="Montreal Gazette">{{cite news|title=Coptic Orthodox Christmas to be low-key – Tight security: On alert after bombing in Egypt |url=http://www.montrealgazette.com/life/Montreal+Coptic+Orthodox+Christmas/4054183/story.html|accessdate=5 January 2011|newspaper=Montreal Gazette|date=4 January 2011}} {{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref> (ਵੱਖੋ-ਵੱਖ ਅੰਦਾਜ਼ੇ)
|image = [[Image:Coptic monks.jpg|center|200px]]
<br>ਮਿਸਰੀ ਕੁਬਤੀ ਮਰਦ
|region1 = {{Flagcountry|ਮਿਸਰ}}
|pop1 = ਅੰਦਾਜ਼ੇ ੯੦90 ਲੱਖ ਤੋਂ ਡੇਢ ਕਰੋੜ ਤੱਕ ਦੇ ਹਨ
|ref1 = {{#tag:ref|Official population counts put the number of Copts at around 16–18% of the population, while some Coptic voices claim figures as high as 23%. While some scholars defend the soundness of the official population census (cf. E.J.Chitham, The Coptic Community in Egypt. Spatial and Social Change, Durham 1986), most scholars and international observers assume that the Christian share of Egypt's population is higher than stated by the Egyptian government. Most independent estimates fall within range between 10% and 20%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Egyptian Coptic protesters freed |first= |last= |newspaper=BBC |date=22 December 2004 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4117831.stm |accessdate=}}</ref> for example the CIA World Factbook {{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/eg.html |title=Egypt |author= |date= |work=The World Factbook |publisher=[[CIA]] |accessdate=27 August 2010}}, {{cite web |url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=2386 |title=The Copts and Their Political Implications in Egypt |author=Khairi Abaza and Mark Nakhla |date=25 October 2005 |work= |publisher=The Washington Institute |accessdate=27 August 2010}}, Encyclopædia Britannica (1985), or Macropædia (15th ed., Chicago). For a projected 83,000,000+ Egyptians in 2009, this assumption yields the above figures.<br>In 2008, [[Pope Shenouda III]] and Bishop Morkos, bishop of [[Shubra]], declared that the number of Copts in Egypt is more than 12 million. In the same year, father Morkos Aziz the prominent priest in Cairo declared that the number of Copts (inside Egypt) exceeds 16 million. {{cite web |url=http://www.unitedcopts.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3073&Itemid=71 |title=? |author= |date=29 October 2008 |work= |publisher=United Copts of Great Britain |accessdate=27 August 2010}} and {{cite web |url=http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2008/08/28/55639.html |title=? |author= |date= |work= |publisher=العربية.نت|accessdate=27 August 2010}} Furthermore, the Washington Institute for Near East Policy {{cite web |url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=2386 |title=The Copts and Their Political Implications in Egypt |author=Khairi Abaza and Mark Nakhla |date=25 October 2005 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=27 August 2010}} Encyclopædia Britannica (1985), and Macropædia (15th ed., Chicago) estimate the percentage of Copts in Egypt to be up to 20% of the Egyptian population.}}<br>
|region2 = {{Flagcountry|ਸੁਡਾਨ}}
|pop2 = ਤਕ. ੫੦੦500,੦੦੦000
|ref2 =
|region3 = {{Flagcountry|ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜ ਅਮਰੀਕਾ}}
|pop3 = ਤਕ. ੨੦੦200,੦੦੦000 ਤੋਂ ੧੦10 ਲੱਖ
|ref3 =<ref name="2009 American Community Survey">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-ds_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G00_&-_lang=en&-mt_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G2000_B04003&-format=&-CONTEXT=dt 2009 American Community Survey], U.S. Census Bureau "All Egyptians including Copts 197,160"</ref><ref>According to published accounts and several Coptic/US sources (including the ''US-Coptic Association''), the Coptic Orthodox Church has between 700,000 and one million members in the United States (c. 2005–2007). {{cite web|url=http://www.copticcu.com/WhyCCU.html|title=''Why CCU?''|accessdate=June 21, 2009|publisher=Coptic Credit Union}}</ref><ref name="Pittsburgh Tribune 2007">{{cite web|url=http://sce.uhcl.edu/akladios/Magdy%20Akladios%20Website/Links%20For%20Church/Copticsflocktowelcome.doc|title=''Coptics flock to welcome 'Baba' at Pittsburgh airport''|accessdate=June 21, 2009|publisher=Pittsburgh Tribune (2007)}}</ref><ref name="JS Online">{{cite web|url=http://www3.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=373326|title=''State's first Coptic Orthodox church is a vessel of faith''|accessdate=June 21, 2009|publisher=JS Online (2005)}}</ref><ref name="US-Copts">{{cite web|url=http://www.copts.com/english/CoptsDiaspora.aspx |title=''Coptic Diaspora''|accessdate=June 21, 2009|publisher=US-Copts Association (2007) |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070220180014/http://www.copts.com/english/CoptsDiaspora.aspx |archivedate = 2007-02-20}}</ref>
|region4 = {{Flagcountry|ਕੈਨੇਡਾ}}
|pop4 = ਤਕ. ੨੦੦200,੦੦੦000
|ref4 = <ref name="Montreal Gazette"/><ref name="elaph.com">[http://www.elaph.com/Web/news/2011/1/622635.html] {{dead link|date=July 2013}}</ref>
|region5 = {{Flagcountry|ਆਸਟਰੇਲੀਆ}}
|pop5 = ਤਕ. ੭੫75,੦੦੦000 (੨੦੦੩2003)
|ref5 = <ref name="parliament.nsw.gov.au">In the year 2003, there was an estimated 70,000 Copts in New South Wales alone: – {{cite hansard | url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LC20031112040 | house=Parliament of NSW – Legislative Council | date= 12 November 2003| page=Page: 4772: – ''Coptic Orthodox Church (NSW) Property Trust Amendment Bill''}}</ref><ref name="coptic.org.au">[http://www.coptic.org.au/modules/diocese_bodies The Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Sydney & its Affiliated Regions – Under the Guidance of His Grace Bishop Daniel]</ref>
|region6 = {{Flagcountry|ਇਟਲੀ}}
|pop6 = ca. ੩੦30,੦੦੦000
|ref6 = <ref name="CESNUR - Centro studi sulle nuove religioni (Center for Studies on New Religions)">[http://www.cesnur.org/religioni_italia/o/ortodossia_16.htm ''Le religioni in Italia. La Chiesa Copta (Religions in Italy. Coptic Church'')]</ref>
| rels = ਮੁੱਖ: ਕੁਬਤੀ ਕੱਟੜਪੰਥੀ ਇਸਾਈਅਤ।<br>ਘੱਟ-ਗਿਣਤੀਆਂ: ਕੁਬਤੀ ਕੈਥੋਲਿਕਵਾਦ; ਕਈ ਪ੍ਰੋਟੈਸਟੈਂਟ ਘੱਟ-ਗਿਣਤੀਆਂ
ਲਾਈਨ 26:
| langs = [[ਮਿਸਰੀ ਅਰਬੀ]]<br>Liturgical: [[ਕੁਬਤੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ|ਕੁਬਤੀ]]}}
 
'''ਕੁਬਤੀ''' ਜਾਂ '''ਕਿਬਤੀ''' ਜਾਂ '''ਕੌਪਟਿਕ''' ਲੋਕ [[ਮਿਸਰ]] ਦੇ ਜੱਦੀ ਇਸਾਈ ਲੋਕ ({{lang-cop|ⲟⲩⲢⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ̀ⲛ̀Ⲭⲣⲏⲥⲧⲓ̀ⲁⲛⲟⲥ}} ''{{transl|cop|ou.Remenkīmi en.Ekhristianos }}''; {{lang-arz|اقباط}}, {{IPA-arz|ɑʔˈbɑːtˤ|IPA}}) ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਵਿਚਲਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਡਾ ਇਸਾਈ ਫ਼ਿਰਕਾ ਹਨ। ੪੦੦400-੮੦੦800 ਈਸਵੀ ਤੱਕ ਇਸਾਈਅਤ ਵੱਡੀ ਗਿਣਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿਸਰੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਧਰਮ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨੀ ਹੱਲੇ ਤੋਂ ਲੈ ਕੇ ੧੦ਵੀਂ10ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਦੇ ਵਿਚਕਾਰ ਤੱਕ ਕਾਫ਼ੀ ਲੋਕ ਇਸ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਧਾਰਨੀ ਸਨ<ref name="U.S. Bill Has Egypt's Copts Squirming">{{cite news | last = Ibrahim | first = Youssef M. | title= U.S. Bill Has Egypt's Copts Squirming | work= [[The New York Times]] | date=April 18, 1998 | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E02E5DC103DF931A25757C0A96E958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1| accessdate=2008-10-08}}</ref> ਪਰ ਹੁਣ ਇਹ ਘੱਟ-ਗਿਣਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੀ ਮਕਬੂਲ ਰਹਿ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ। ਇਤਹਾਸਕ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇਉੱਤੇ ਇਹ ਲੋਕ [[ਕੁਬਤੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ]] ਬੋਲਦੇ ਸਨ ਜੋ ਰੋਮਨ ਜ਼ਮਾਨੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਬੋਲੀ ਜਾਣ ਵਾਲ਼ੀ ਦਿਮੋਤੀ ਮਿਸਰੀ ਦੇ ਬੰਸ 'ਚੋਂ ਹੈ ਪਰ ਹੁਣ ਇਹ ਬੋਲੀ ਲੋਪ ਹੋ ਚੁੱਕੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ੧੮ਵੀਂ18ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀਂ ਤੋਂ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਸਾਹਿਤ ਤੱਕ ਸੀਮਤ ਰਹਿ ਗਈ ਹੈ। ਹੁਣ ਇਹ [[ਅਰਬੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ|ਅਰਬੀ]] ਬੋਲਦੇ ਹਨ।
 
==ਅਗਾਂਹ ਪੜ੍ਹੋ==
ਲਾਈਨ 35:
* Meinardus, Otto Friedrich August. ''Two Thousand Years of Coptic Christianity'' (2010)
* Tadros, Samuel. ''Motherland Lost: The Egyptian and Coptic Quest for Modernity'' (2013) [http://www.amazon.com/Motherland-Lost-Egyptian-Coptic-Modernity/dp/081791644X/ excerpt and text search]
* {{cite book|author=Thomas, Martyn, ed.|title=Copts in Egypt: A Christian Minority Under Siege : Papers Presented at the First International Coptic Symposium, Zurich, September 23–25, 2004|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ooAaaMdOwpAC|year=2006|publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht}}
* Van Doorn-Harder, Nelly. "Finding a Platform: Studying the Copts in the 19th and 20th Centuries" ''International Journal of Middle East Studies'' (Aug 2010) 42#3 pp 479–482. Historiography