|
*ਡਾਕਟਰ ਸਤਨਾਮ ਧੋਥੜ, ਕੀਮਬਰੀਨ ਐਨੀਮਲ ਹਸਪਤਾਲ, ਕਾਗਰੀ, [[ਬਰਤਾਨੀਆ]]।
*ਮੇਜਰ ਰਵੀਨਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਧੋਥੜ, ਆਈ ਜੀ, ਸਕੂਲ ਆਫ਼ ਆਰਟਲਰੀ,ਭਾਰਤੀ ਫ਼ੌਜ।
==ਹ੍ਫ੍ਗ੍==
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#ffff00;color:#ffff00;"|
|[[People Power Revolution|Yellow Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Philippines (light blue).svg}} Philippines
|22 February 1986
|25 February 1986
|The 1986 [[People Power Revolution]] (also called the "[[Epifanio de los Santos Avenue|EDSA]]" or the "Yellow" Revolution) in the Philippines was the first successful non-violent uprising in the contemporary period. It was the culmination of peaceful demonstrations against the [[History of the Philippines (1965-1986)|rule]] of then-President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] – all of which increased after the 1983 [[Assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.|assassination]] of opposition [[Senate of the Philippines|Senator]] [[Benigno Aquino Jr.|Benigno S. Aquino, Jr.]] A contested [[snap election]] on 7 February 1986 and a call by the powerful [[Catholic Church in the Philippines|Filipino Catholic Church]] sparked mass protests across [[Metro Manila]] from 22–25 February. The Revolution's iconic L-shaped [[Laban sign]] comes from the Filipino term for People Power, "''Lakás ng Bayan''", whose acronym is "''LABAN''" ("fight"). The yellow-clad protesters, later joined by the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines|Armed Forces]], ousted Marcos and installed Aquino's widow [[Corazon Aquino|Corazón]] as the country's eleventh President, ushering in the present [[History of the Philippines (1986–present)|Fifth Republic]].
|-
|style="background-color:#964B00;color:#964B00;"|
|[[Bougainville crisis|Coconut Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg}} Papua New Guinea
|1 December 1988
|20 April 1998
|Long-standing secessionist sentiment in Bougainville eventually led to conflict with Papua New Guinea. The inhabitants of Bougainville Island formed the [[Bougainville Revolutionary Army]] and fought against government troops. On 20 April 1998, Papua New Guinea ended the civil war. In 2005, Papua New Guinea gave autonomy to Bougainville.
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#792092;color:#792092;"|
|[[Velvet Revolution]] (Czechoslovakia)
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg}} [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|Czechoslovakia]]
|17 November 1989
|29 December 1989
| in 1989, a peaceful demonstration by students (mostly from [[Charles University]]) was attacked by the police – and in time contributed to the collapse of the communist government in Czechoslovakia.
|-
|style="background-color:#000000;color:#000000;"|
|[[Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević|Bulldozer Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Serbia and Montenegro.svg}} [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
|colspan="2"|5 October 2000
|The 'Bulldozer Revolution' in 2000, which led to the [[overthrow of Slobodan Milošević]]. These demonstrations are usually considered to be the first example of the peaceful revolutions which followed. However, the Serbians adopted an approach that had already been used in parliamentary elections in [[1997 Bulgarian parliamentary election|Bulgaria (1997)]], [[1998 Slovak parliamentary election|Slovakia (1998)]] and [[2000 Croatian parliamentary election|Croatia (2000)]], characterised by civic mobilisation through get-out-the-vote campaigns and unification of the political opposition. The nationwide protesters did not adopt a colour or a specific symbol; however, the slogan ''"[[Gotov je]]"'' (Serbian Cyrillic: ''Готов је'', English: ''He is finished'') did become an aftermath symbol celebrating the completion of the task. Despite the commonalities, many others refer to Georgia as the most definite beginning of the series of "colour revolutions". The demonstrations were supported by the youth movement [[Otpor!]], some of whose members were involved in the later revolutions in other countries.
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#ffe4e1;color:#ffe4e1;"|
|[[Rose Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Georgia (1990-2004).svg}} Georgia
|3 November 2003
|23 November 2003
|The [[Rose Revolution]] in Georgia, following the disputed [[2003 Georgian parliamentary election|2003 election]], led to the overthrow of [[Eduard Shevardnadze]] and replacing him with [[Mikhail Saakashvili]] after [[2004 Georgian parliamentary election|new elections]] were held in March 2004. The Rose Revolution was supported by the [[Kmara]] civic resistance movement.
|-
|style="background-color:#ffe4e1;color:#ffe4e1;"|
|[[2004 Adjara crisis|Second Rose Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Adjara (2000–2004).svg}} ''Adjara'' (Georgia)
|20 February 2004
|May-July 2004
|Following the [[Rose Revolution]] in Georgia, the [[2004 Adjara crisis|Adjara crisis]] (sometimes called "Second Rose Revolution"<ref>{{cite book| title=Die großen Revolutionen der Welt |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qlx4DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT226&lpg=PT226&dq=Aslan+Abaschidse+revolution#v=onepage| author=Prof. Dr. Jürgen Nautz| year=2008 |isbn=9783843800341}}</ref> or Mini-Rose Revolution<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.zeit.de/2004/20/georgien_machtwechsel | publisher=Zeit | title=Der Hoffnungsträger vertrieb den Löwen | date=6 May 2004 | accessdate=22 December 2019}}</ref>) led to the exit of Chairman of the Government [[Aslan Abashidze]] from office.
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#ffa500;color:#ffa500;"|
|[[Orange Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Ukraine}}
|22 November 2004
|23 January 2005
|The [[Orange Revolution]] in Ukraine followed the disputed second round of the [[2004 Ukrainian presidential election]], leading to the annulment of the result and the repeat of the round – Leader of the Opposition [[Viktor Yushchenko]] was declared President, defeating [[Viktor Yanukovych]]. The Orange Revolution was supported by [[PORA]].
|- id=Purple Revolution
|style="background-color:#a020f0;color:#a020f0;"|
|[[Purple Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Iraq (2004-2008).svg}} Iraq
|colspan="2"|January 2005
|[[Purple Revolution]] was a name first used by some hopeful commentators and later picked up by United States President [[George W. Bush]] to describe the coming of democracy to Iraq following the [[January 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election|2005 Iraqi legislative election]] and was intentionally used to draw the parallel with the Orange and Rose revolutions. However, the name "purple revolution" has not achieved widespread use in Iraq, the United States or elsewhere. The name comes from the colour that voters' index fingers were stained to prevent fraudulent multiple voting. The term first appeared shortly after the January 2005 election in various [[weblog]]s and editorials of individuals supportive of the U.S. invasion of Iraq.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://realclearpolitics.com/Commentary/blog_1_31_05_0935.html | publisher=Real Clear Politics | title=The Purple Revolution | date=31 January 2005 | accessdate=4 May 2016}}</ref> The term received its widest usage during a visit by U.S. President [[George W. Bush]] on 24 February 2005 to [[Bratislava]], Slovak Republic, for a summit with Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]]. Bush stated: "In recent times, we have witnessed landmark events in the history of liberty: A Rose Revolution in Georgia, an Orange Revolution in Ukraine, and now, a Purple Revolution in Iraq."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/02/20050224-1.html | publisher=The White House | title=President Addresses and Thanks Citizens of Slovakia | date=24 February 2005 | accessdate=4 May 2016}}</ref>
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#ff878d;color:#ff878d;"|
|[[Tulip Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Kyrgyzstan}}
|27 February 2005
|11 April 2005
|The [[Tulip Revolution]] in Kyrgyzstan (also sometimes called the "Pink Revolution") was more violent than its predecessors and followed the disputed [[2005 Kyrgyz parliamentary election]]. At the same time, it was more fragmented than previous "colour" revolutions. The protesters in different areas adopted the colours pink and yellow for their protests. This revolution was supported by youth resistance movement [[KelKel]].
|-
|style="background-color:#00a650;color:#00a650;"|
|[[Cedar Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Lebanon}}
|14 February 2005
|27 April 2005
|The [[Cedar Revolution]] in Lebanon between February and April 2005 followed not a disputed election, but rather the assassination of opposition leader [[Rafik Hariri]] in 2005. Also, instead of the annulment of an election, the people demanded an end to the [[Syrian occupation of Lebanon]]. Nonetheless, some of its elements and some of the methods used in the protests have been similar enough that it is often considered and treated by the press and commentators as one of the series of "colour revolutions". The [[lebanon cedar|Cedar of Lebanon]] is the symbol of the country, and the revolution was named after it. The peaceful demonstrators used the colours white and red, which are found in the Lebanese flag. The protests led to the pullout of [[Politics of Syria|Syria]]n troops in April 2005, ending their nearly 30-year presence there, although Syria retains some influence in Lebanon.
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#0000ff;color:#0000ff;"|
|[[Blue Revolution (2005)|Blue Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Kuwait}}
|colspan="2"|March 2005
|Blue Revolution was a term used by some Kuwaitis<ref>{{Cite web|author=Charles Paul Freund |url=http://www.reason.com/hitandrun/2005/03/kuwaits_blue_re.shtml |title=Kuwait: Blue Revolution – Hit & Run |work=Reason |date=7 March 2005 |accessdate=15 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724154133/http://www.reason.com/hitandrun/2005/03/kuwaits_blue_re.shtml |archivedate=24 July 2008 }}</ref> to refer to demonstrations in [[Politics of Kuwait|Kuwait]] in support of [[women's suffrage]] beginning in March 2005; it was named after the colour of the signs the protesters used. In May of that year the Kuwaiti government acceded to their demands, granting women the right to vote beginning in the 2007 parliamentary elections.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4554381.stm |work=BBC News| title=Leaders hail Kuwait women's votes | date=17 May 2005 | accessdate=30 April 2010}}</ref> Since there was no call for regime change, the so-called "blue revolution" cannot be categorised as a true colour revolution.
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#6495ed;color:#6495ed;"|
|[[Jeans Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Belarus (1995-2012).svg}} Belarus
|19 March 2006
|25 March 2006
|In Belarus, there have been a number of protests against President [[Alexander Lukashenko]], with participation from student group [[Zubr (political organization)|Zubr]]. One round of protests culminated on 25 March 2005; it was a self-declared attempt to emulate the Kyrgyzstan revolution, and involved over a thousand citizens. However, police severely suppressed it, arresting over 30 people and imprisoning opposition leader [[Mikhail Marinich]].
A second, much larger, round of protests began almost a year later, on 19 March 2006, soon after the [[2006 Belarusian presidential election|presidential election]]. Official results had Lukashenko winning with 83% of the vote; protesters claimed the results were achieved through fraud and voter intimidation, a charge echoed by many foreign governments.{{Citation needed|date=April 2007}} Protesters camped out in October Square in [[Minsk]] over the next week, calling variously for the resignation of Lukashenko, the installation of rival candidate [[Alaksandar Milinkievič]], and new, fair elections.
The opposition originally used as a symbol the white-red-white former [[flag of Belarus]]; the movement has had significant connections with that in neighbouring Ukraine, and during the Orange Revolution some white-red-white flags were seen being waved in Kiev. During the 2006 protests some called it the "[[Jeans Revolution]]" or "Denim Revolution",<ref name=BELAFRAUD>[http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2006/s1595653.htm Fraud claims follow Lukashenko win in Belarus election] ABC News (Australia)</ref> blue jeans being considered a symbol for freedom. Some protesters cut up jeans into ribbons and hung them in public places.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/dissidents-of-the-theatre-in-belarus-pin-their-hopes-on-denim-revolution-6107150.html|title=Dissidents of the theatre in Belarus pin their hopes on denim|date=2006-03-09|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=2020-04-15}}</ref> It is claimed that Zubr was responsible for coining the phrase.
Lukashenko has said in the past: "In our country, there will be no pink or orange, or even banana revolution." More recently he's said "They [the West] think that Belarus is ready for some 'orange' or, what is a rather frightening option, 'blue' or '[[cornflower blue]]' revolution. Such 'blue' revolutions are the last thing we need".<ref name="ucpb.org">[http://www.ucpb.org/eng/show1prel.shtml?no=1241 ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050430223422/http://www.ucpb.org/eng/show1prel.shtml?no=1241 |date=30 April 2005 }}</ref> On 19 April 2005, he further commented: "All these coloured revolutions are pure and simple banditry."<ref name="eubusiness.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.eubusiness.com/afp/050419184754.74ehx330 |accessdate=21 April 2005 }}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#f4c430;color:#f4c430;"|
|[[Saffron Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Myanmar (1974-2010).svg}} Myanmar
|15 August 2007
|26 September 2007
|In Myanmar (unofficially called Burma), a series of anti-government protests were referred to in the press as the [[Saffron Revolution]]<ref name="timesonline.co.uk">[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article2521951.ece "Military junta threatens monks in Burma"], ''The Times'' (UK) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010194752/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article2521951.ece |date=10 October 2008 }}</ref><ref name="novinite">{{Cite web|url=http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=85644 |title=100,000 Protestors Flood Streets of Rangoon in "Saffron Revolution" |publisher=Novinite.com |date=24 September 2007 |accessdate=15 March 2011}}</ref> after Buddhist monks ([[Theravada Buddhism|Theravada Buddhist]] monks normally wear the colour saffron) took the vanguard of the protests. A previous, student-led revolution, the [[8888 Uprising]] on 8 August 1988, had similarities to the colour revolutions, but was violently repressed.
|-
|style="background-color:#421c52;color:#421c52;"|
|[[2009 Moldova civil unrest|Grape Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Moldova}}
|6 April 2009
|12 April 2009
|The opposition is reported to have hoped for and urged some kind of Orange revolution, similar to that in Ukraine, in the follow-up of the [[2005 Moldovan parliamentary elections]], while the [[Christian-Democratic People's Party (Moldova)|Christian Democratic People's Party]] adopted orange for its colour in a clear reference to the events of Ukraine.{{Citation needed|date=April 2007}}
A name hypothesised for such an event was "Grape Revolution" because of the abundance of vineyards in the country; however, such a revolution failed to materialise after the governmental victory in the elections. Many reasons have been given for this, including a fractured opposition and the fact that the government had already co-opted many of the political positions that might have united the opposition (such as a perceived pro-European and anti-Russian stance). Also the elections themselves were declared fairer in the OSCE election monitoring reports than had been the case in other countries where similar revolutions occurred, even though the CIS monitoring mission strongly condemned them.
There was [[2009 Moldova civil unrest|civil unrest]] all over Moldova following the [[April 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election|2009 Parliamentary election]] due to the opposition claiming that the communists had fixed the election. Eventually, the [[Alliance for European Integration]] created a governing coalition that pushed the [[Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova|Communist party]] into opposition.
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#00ff00;color:#00ff00;"|
|[[2009–10 Iranian election protests|Green Movement]]
|{{flagu|Iran}}
|13 June 2009
|11 February 2010
|Green Movement is a term widely used to describe the [[2009–2010 Iranian election protests]]. The protests began in 2009, several years after the main wave of colour revolutions, although like them it began due to a disputed election, the [[2009 Iranian presidential election]]. Protesters adopted the colour green as their symbol because it had been the campaign colour of presidential candidate [[Mir-Hossein Mousavi]], whom many protesters thought had won the [[2009 Iranian elections|elections]].<ref>Akbar E. Torbat, The Arab [http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article29458.htm Uprisings and Iran’s Green Movement] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924041045/http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article29458.htm |date=24 September 2015 }}, 19 October 2011.</ref> However Mousavi and his wife went under house arrest without any trial issued by a court.
|-
|style="background-color:#FDBCB4;color:#FDBCB4;"|
|[[Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010|Melon Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Kyrgyzstan}}
|6 April 2010
|14 December 2010
|The [[Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010]] in Kyrgyzstan (also sometimes called the "Melon Revolution")<ref>{{cite book |first=Boris|last=Isayev|date=6 April 2019|title=Политическая история: революции. Учебник для бакалавриата и магистратуры|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ur-HDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA278&lpg=PA278&dq=%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F#v=onepage|page=278|publisher=ЛитРес|isbn=9785041554125}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.gumilev-center.ru/cvetnye-revolyucii/|title=Volksparteien verlieren Parteivolk |newspaper=Центр Льва Гумилёва |date=12 September 2015 |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-02-15/saakashvili-and-why-color-revolutions-can-t-be-exported|title=Why 'Color Revolutions' Can't Be Exported|newspaper=[[Bloomberg News]]|date=15 February 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://docplayer.org/20912511-Sicherheit-schweiz-delegiertenversammlung-sog-ukraine-und-russland-controlling-v-kdt-lw-zum-f-5-tiger-allgemeine-schweizerische-militaerzeitschrift.html |title=Zweischneidige Sanktionen gegen Russland |newspaper={{ill|Allgemeine Schweizerische Militärzeitschrift|de|Allgemeine Schweizerische Militärzeitschrift}} |date=April 2015 |language=de}}</ref> led to the exit of President [[Kurmanbek Bakiyev]] from office. The total number of deaths should be 2,000.
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#f8de7e;color:#f8de7e;"|
|[[Tunisian Revolution|Jasmine Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Tunisia}}
|18 December 2010
|14 January 2011
|Jasmine Revolution was a widely used term<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tucker |first=Joshua |url=http://www.themonkeycage.org/2011/01/initial_thoughts_on_tunisias_j.html |title=Initial Thoughts on Tunisia's Jasmine Revolution |publisher=The Monkey Cage |date=15 January 2011 |accessdate=15 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110324110905/http://www.themonkeycage.org/2011/01/initial_thoughts_on_tunisias_j.html |archivedate=24 March 2011 }}</ref> for the [[Tunisian Revolution]]. The Jasmine Revolution led to the exit of President [[Zine El Abidine Ben Ali|Ben Ali]] from office and the beginning of the [[Arab Spring]].
|-
|style="background-color:#e9bebd;color:#e9bebd;"|
|[[Egyptian Revolution of 2011|Lotus Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Egypt}}
|25 January 2011
|11 February 2011
|Lotus Revolution was a term used by various western news sources to describe the [[Egyptian Revolution of 2011]] that forced President Mubarak to step down in 2011 as part of the [[Arab Spring]], which followed the Jasmine Revolution of Tunisia. Lotus is known as the flower representing resurrection, life and the sun of ancient Egypt. It is uncertain who gave the name, while columnist of Arabic press, Asharq Alawsat, and prominent Egyptian opposition leader Saad Eddin Ibrahim claimed to name it the Lotus Revolution. Lotus Revolution later became common on western news source such as CNN.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/01/28/egypt.press.club/index.html?eref=edition_africa |title=Egyptian-American leaders call for U.S. support of 'Lotus Revolution' |publisher=CNN |date= 29 January 2011|accessdate=15 March 2011}}</ref> Other names, such as White Revolution and Nile Revolution, are used but are minor terms compare to Lotus Revolution. The term Lotus Revolution is rarely, if ever, used in the Arab world. {{Citation needed|date=February 2011}}
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#EAE0C8;color:#EAE0C8"|
|[[Pearl Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Bahrain}}
|14 February 2011
|22 November 2014
|In February 2011, Bahrain was also affected by protests in Tunisia and Egypt. Bahrain has long been famous for its pearls and Bahrain's speciality. And there was the Pearl Square in Manama, where the demonstrations began. The people of Bahrain were also protesting around the square. At first, the government of Bahrain promised to reform the people. But when their promises were not followed, the people resisted again. And in the process, bloodshed took place (18 March 2011). After that, a small demonstration is taking place in Bahrain.
|-
|style="background-color:#704214;color:#704214;"|
|[[Yemeni Revolution|Coffee Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Yemen}}
|27 January 2011
|23 November 2011
|An anti-government protest started in Yemen in 2011. The Yemeni people sought to resign Ali Abdullah Saleh as the ruler. On 24 November, Ali Abdullah Saleh decided to transfer the regime. In 2012, Ali Abdullah Saleh finally fled to the United States(27 February). {{Citation needed|date=September 2018}}
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#f8de7e;color:#f8de7e;"|
|[[2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests|Jasmine Revolution]]
|{{flagu|China}}
|20 February 2011
|20 March 2011
|A call which first appeared on 17 February 2011 on the Chinese language site [[Boxun.com]] in the United States for a "Jasmine revolution" in the People's Republic of China and repeated on social networking sites in China resulted in blocking of internet searches for "jasmine" and a heavy police presence at designated sites for protest such as the McDonald's in central Beijing, one of the 13 designated protest sites, on 20 February 2011. A crowd did gather there, but their motivations were ambiguous as a crowd tends to draw a crowd in that area.<ref name="Andrew Jacobs">{{Cite news |title=Chinese Government Responds to Call for Protests|author=Andrew Jacobs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/21/world/asia/21china.html |newspaper=The New York Times|date=20 February 2011 |accessdate=21 February 2011}}</ref> Boxun experienced a [[denial of service attack]] during this period and was inaccessible.<ref name="Cara Anna, Associated Press">{{Cite news |title=China cracks down on call for 'Jasmine Revolution' |author=Cara Anna, Associated Press |url=http://www.boxun.us/news/publish/chinanews/China_cracks_down_on_call_for_Jasmine_Revolution.shtml |publisher=Boxun.com |date=19 February 2011 |accessdate=21 February 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223165733/http://www.boxun.us/news/publish/chinanews/China_cracks_down_on_call_for_Jasmine_Revolution.shtml |archivedate=23 February 2011 }}</ref>
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#FFFFFF;"|
|[[2011-2013 Russian protests|Snow Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Russia}}
|4 December 2011
|18 July 2013
|Protests started on 4 December 2011 in the capital, [[Moscow]] against the results of the parliamentary elections, which led to the arrests of over 500 people. On 10 December, protests erupted in tens of cities across the country; a few months later, they spread to hundreds both inside the country and abroad. The name of the Snow Revolution derives from December - the month when the revolution had started - and from the white ribbons the protesters wore.
|-
|style="background-color:#B31B1B;color:#B31B1B;"|
|[[2016 Macedonian protests|Colourful Revolution]]
|{{flagu|Macedonia}}
|12 April 2016
|20 July 2016
|Many analysts and participants of the protests against [[President of Macedonia]] [[Gjorge Ivanov]] and the [[Politics of the Republic of Macedonia|Macedonian government]] refer to them as a "colourful Revolution", due to the demonstrators throwing paint balls of different colours at government buildings in [[Skopje]], the capital.<ref name="global">Petrevska, Anastasija. [https://globalvoices.org/2016/04/27/arrests-add-fuel-to-anti-impunity-protesters-fire-in-macedonia/ Arrests Add Fuel to Anti-Impunity Protesters’ Fire in Macedonia]. [[Global Voices Online]]. Published 27 April 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.</ref><ref>O'Sullivan, Feargus. [http://www.citylab.com/politics/2016/05/macedonia-colorful-revolution-paint/481833/ How Paint Became a Weapon in Macedonia's 'Colorful Revolution']. ''[[CityLab (web magazine)|CityLab]]''. Published 9 May 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.</ref>
|}
===ਕ੍ਲ੍ਜ੍===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|-
!<!--Color-->
!Revolution
!Location
!Date started
!Date ended
!class="unsortable"|Description
|-
|style="background-color:#792092;color:#792092;"|
|[[2018 Armenian Velvet Revolution|Velvet Revolution (Armenia)]]
|{{flagu|Armenia}}
|31 March 2018
|8 May 2018
|In 2018, a [[Nonviolent resistance|peaceful revolution]] was led by member of parliament [[Nikol Pashinyan]] in opposition to the nomination of [[Serzh Sargsyan]] as [[Prime Minister of Armenia]], who had previously served as both [[President of Armenia]] and prime minister, eliminating [[term limits]] which would have otherwise prevented his 2018 nomination. Concerned that Sargsyan's third consecutive term as the most powerful politician in the government of Armenia gave him too much political influence, protests occurred throughout the country, particularly in [[Yerevan]], but demonstrations in solidarity with the protesters also occurred in other countries where [[Armenian diaspora]] live.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/armenia-mass-protests-echo-previous-post-soviet-upheavals-colored-revolutions/29189559.html|title=A 'Color Revolution' In Armenia? Mass Protests Echo Previous Post-Soviet Upheavals|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty|access-date=30 June 2018}}</ref> During the protests, Pashinyan was arrested and detained on 22 April, but he was released the following day. Sargsyan stepped down from the position of Prime Minister, and his [[Republican Party of Armenia|Republican Party]] decided to not put forward a candidate.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://armenianweekly.com/2018/04/23/breaking-serge-sarkisian-resigns-as-prime-minister/|title=Breaking: Serge Sarkisian Resigns as Prime Minister|date=23 April 2018|work=The Armenian Weekly|access-date=30 June 2018}}</ref> An interim Prime Minister was selected from Sargsyan's party until elections were held, and protests continued for over one month. Crowd sizes in Yerevan consisted of 115,000 to 250,000 people at a time throughout the revolution, and hundreds of protesters were arrested. Pashinyan referred to the event as a Velvet Revolution.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.crisisgroup.org/europe-central-asia/caucasus/armenia/velvet-revolution-takes-armenia-unknown|title="Velvet Revolution" Takes Armenia into the Unknown|date=26 April 2018|work=Crisis Group|access-date=30 June 2018}}</ref> A vote was held in parliament, and Pashinyan became the Prime Minister of Armenia.
|}
==ਹੋਰ ਵੇਖੋ==
| 