ਅਬਰਾਹਿਮ ਕਾਵੂਰ: ਰੀਵਿਜ਼ਨਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ

ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਮਿਟਾਈ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਜੋੜੀ
ਛੋ →‎ਮੌਤ: clean up ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਨਾਲ AWB
ਲਾਈਨ 41:
==ਮੌਤ==
ਤਰਕਸ਼ੀਲਤਾ ਦਾ ਇਹ ਝੰਡਾਬਰਦਾਰ ਭਾਵੇਂ ਸਾਨੂੰ 18 ਸਤੰਬਰ, 1978 ਨੂੰ ਇਸ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਨੂੰ ਅਲਵਿਦਾ ਆਖ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ ਪਰ ਉਸ ਦੀਆਂ ਲਿਖਤਾਂ ਆਉਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਇੱਕ ਸਦੀ ਤਕ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਚਾਨਣ ਮੁਨਾਰਾ ਬਣੀਆਂ ਰਹਿਣਗੀਆਂ।
==੨੦੧੮==
 
* May 15: Vice Premier and [[چینی کمیونسٹ پارٹی کا پولٹ بیورو|Politburo member]] Liu He, top economic adviser to [[صدر عوامی جمہوریہ چین|president of China]] and [[چینی کمیونسٹ پارٹی کا جنرل سیکریٹری|General Secretary]] [[شی جن پنگ|Xi Jinping]], visited Washington for further trade talks.<ref name=":8">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.caixinglobal.com/2018-08-08/china-strikes-back-with-second-tranche-of-tariffs-101313018.html|title=China Strikes Back With Second Tranche of Tariffs - Caixin Global|website=www.caixinglobal.com|accessdate=August 9, 2018}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.caixinglobal.com/2018-05-20/us-china-strike-trade-deal-ending-threat-of-protective-tariffs-101253055.html|title=U.S., China Strike Trade Deal, Ending Threat of Protective Tariffs - Caixin Global|website=www.caixinglobal.com|accessdate=August 9, 2018}}</ref>
* May 20: Chinese officials agreed to "substantially reduce" America's trade deficit with China by committing to "significantly increase" its purchases of American goods. As a result, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin announced that "We are putting the trade war on hold". White House National Trade Council director Peter Navarro, however, said that there was no "trade war," but that it was a "trade dispute, fair and simple. We lost the trade war long ago."
* May 21: Trump tweeted that "China has agreed to buy massive amounts of ADDITIONAL Farm/Agricultural Products," although he later clarified the purchases were contingent upon the closure of a "potential deal."<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.agdaily.com/news/trump-china-buy-massive-ag-products/|title=Trump: China agrees to buy massive amount of ag products|date=May 21, 2018}}</ref>
* May 29: The White House announced that it would impose a 25% tariff on $50 billion of Chinese goods with "industrially significant technology;" the full list of products affected to be announced by June 15.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.caixinglobal.com/2018-05-30/beijing-lashes-out-at-us-for-backtracking-on-tariff-cancelation-101259500.html|title=Update: Beijing Lashes Out at U.S. for Backtracking on Tariff Cancellation - Caixin Global|website=www.caixinglobal.com|accessdate=August 9, 2018}}</ref> It also planned to impose investment restrictions and enhanced export controls on certain Chinese individuals and organizations to prevent them from acquiring U.S. technology. China said it would discontinue trade talks with Washington if it imposed trade sanctions."
* June 15: Trump declared that the United States would impose a 25% tariff on $50 billion of Chinese exports. $34 billion would start July 6, 2018, with a further $16 billion to begin at a later date.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/14/news/economy/trump-china-tariffs/index.html?adkey=bn|title=Trump announces tariffs on $50 billion worth of Chinese goods|publisher=CNN|date=June 15, 2018|accessdate=June 15, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/trump-imposes-import-taxes-on-chinese-goods-and-warns-of-additional-tariffs/2018/06/15/da909ecc-7092-11e8-bf86-a2351b5ece99_story.html|title=Trump imposes import taxes on Chinese goods, and warns of 'additional tariffs'|date=June 15, 2018|accessdate=June 15, 2018}}</ref> China's Commerce Ministry accused the United States of launching a trade war and said China would respond in kind with similar tariffs for US imports, starting on July 6.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/15/news/economy/china-us-trade-war/index.html|title=China: 'The US has launched a trade war'|publisher=[[سی این این]]|date=June 15, 2018|accessdate=June 16, 2018}}</ref> Three days later, the White House declared that the United States would impose additional 10% tariffs on another $200 billion worth of Chinese imports if China retaliated against these U.S. tariffs. The list of products included in this round of tariffs was released on July 11, 2018, and was set to be implemented within 60 days.
* June 19: China retaliates, threatening its own tariffs on $50 billion of U.S. goods, and stating that the United States had launched a trade war. Import and export markets in a number of nations feared the tariffs would disrupt supply chains which could "ripple around the globe."<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/18/news/economy/trump-china-tariffs-retaliation/|title=Trump threatens China with new tariffs on another $200 billion of goods|publisher=CNN|date=June 19, 2018|accessdate=June 19, 2018}}</ref>
* July 6: American tariffs on $34 billion of Chinese goods came into effect. China imposed retaliatory tariffs on US goods of a similar value. The tariffs accounted for 0.1% of the global [[خام ملکی پیداوار|gross domestic product]].<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.caixinglobal.com/2018-07-06/quick-take-sino-us-trade-war-begins-101294848.html|title=Update: Sino-U.S. Trade War Begins - Caixin Global|website=www.caixinglobal.com|accessdate=August 9, 2018}}</ref> On July 10, 2018, U.S. released an initial list of the additional $200 billion of Chinese goods that would be subject to a 10% tariff.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.caixinglobal.com/2018-07-11/quick-take-us-threatens-tariffs-on-additional-200-billion-in-china-goods-101304428.html|title=Update: U.S. Names Products Targeted by $200 Billion in New Tariffs - Caixin Global|website=www.caixinglobal.com|accessdate=August 9, 2018}}</ref> Two days later, China vowed to retaliate with additional tariffs on American goods worth $60 billion annually.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.caixinglobal.com/2018-08-03/china-vows-retaliatory-tariffs-on-60-billion-in-us-goods-101311586.html|title=China Vows Retaliatory Tariffs on $60 Billion in U.S. Goods - Caixin Global|website=www.caixinglobal.com|accessdate=August 9, 2018}}</ref>
* August 8: The Office of the United States Trade Representative published its finalized list of 279 Chinese goods, worth $16 Billion, to be subject to a 25% tariff from August 23. In response, China imposed 25% tariffs on $16 billion of imports from the US, which was implemented in parallel with the US tariffs on August 23.
* August 14: China filed a complaint with the [[عالمی تجارتی ادارہ|World Trade Organization (WTO)]], stating that US tariffs on foreign solar panels clash with WTO ruling and have destabilized the international market for solar PV products. China stated that the resulting impact directly harmed China's legitimate trade interests. Peng Peng, a researcher with the China Renewable Energy Industry Association said that the solar problem has existed for years and thought that China chose to bring it up in order to keep up the rhythm of the trade dispute.
* August 22: US treasury undersecretary David Malpass and Chinese commerce vice-minister Wang Shouwen met in [[واشنگٹن ڈی سی|Washington, D.C.]] in a bid to reopen negotiations. Meanwhile, on August 23, 2018, the US and China's promised tariffs on $16 billion of goods took effect, and on August 27, 2018, China filed a new WTO complaint against the US regarding the additional tariffs.
* September 17: The US announced its 10% [[ٹیرف|tariff]] on $200 billion worth of Chinese goods would begin on September 24, 2018, increasing to 25% by the end of the year. They also threatened tariffs on an additional $267 billion worth of imports if [[چین|China]] retaliates, which China promptly did on September 18 with 10% tariffs on $60 billion of US imports.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|title=China's Tariffs on the US – List 3|url=https://www.dezshira.com/library/article/latest-chinese-tariffs-on-us-goods-list-3-7800.html?1538739178|website=Asiapedia|publisher=Dezan Shira and Associates}}</ref> So far, China has either imposed or proposed tariffs on $110 billion of U.S. goods, representing most of its imports of American products.
* November 10, 2018 - White House National Trade Council director Peter Navarro alleged that a group of Wall Street billionaires are conducting an influence operation on behalf of the Chinese government by weakening the president and the U.S. negotiating position, and urged them to invest in the rust belt.
* November 30: President Trump signed the revised U.S.–Mexico–Canada Agreement in [[بیونس آئرس|Buenos Aires]], [[ارجنٹائن|Argentina]]. The USMCA contains a "rules of origin" provision for automobile that was "touted by the Trump administration as a tool to keep out Chinese inputs and encourage production and investment in the US and North America."
* December 1: The planned increases in tariffs were postponed. The White House stated that both parties will "immediately begin negotiations on structural changes with respect to forced technology transfer, intellectual property protection, non-tariff barriers, cyber intrusions and cyber theft." According to the Trump Administration, "If at the end of [90 days], the parties are unable to reach an agreement, the 10 percent tariffs will be raised to 25 percent." The U.S. trade representative's office confirmed the hard deadline for China's structural changes is March 1, 2019.
* December 4: New York Fed president John Williams said that he believed the US economy will stay strong in 2019.<ref name=":15">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/feds-williams-strong-outlook-for-2019-calls-for-continued-interest-rate-hikes-2018-12-04|title=Fed's Williams: 'Strong' outlook for 2019 calls for continued interest-rate hikes|last=Robb|first=Greg|website=MarketWatch|accessdate=2018-12-05}}</ref> Williams expects that increases in the interest rates will be necessary to maintain the economy. He stated, "Given this outlook of strong growth, strong labor market and inflation near our goal and taking account all the various risks around the outlook, I do expect further gradual increases in interest rates will best sponsor a sustained economic expansion."
* December 11: Trump announced China was buying a "tremendous amount" of U.S. soybeans. Commodities traders saw no evidence of such purchases, and over the next six months soybean exports to China were about one quarter what they were in 2017, before the trade conflict began.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-china-exclusive-idUSKBN1OB015|title=Exclusive: Trump says China 'back in the market' for U.S. soybeans|date=December 12, 2018}}</ref> China reportedly considered purchases of American farm goods as contingent upon closing a comprehensive trade deal.<ref name="auto">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/11/politics/us-china-trade-dispute/index.html|title=Trump complains China isn't buying US agricultural products, despite his earlier claims|first=Kevin|last=Liptak|first2=Nikki|last2=Carvajal|website=CNN}}</ref>
 
=== 2019 ===
 
* January 14: An article in the ''[[وال اسٹریٹ جرنل|Wall Street Journal]]'' reports that in China's 2018 trade surplus with the United States was a record $323.32 billion despite Trump's tariffs.
* March 6: The U.S. Department of Commerce stated that in 2018 the U.S. trade deficit with China reached $621 billion, the highest it had been since 2008.<ref name="npr1">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/03/06/700650144/despite-trumps-promises-the-trade-deficit-is-only-getting-wider|title=Despite Trump's Promises, The Trade Deficit Is Only Getting Wider|last=Zarroli|first=Jim|date=March 6, 2019|website=NPR|publisher=National Public Radio}}</ref>
* May 5: Trump stated that the previous tariffs of 10% levied in $200 billion worth of Chinese goods would be raised to 25% on May 10. With notification by USTR, the Federal Register on May 9 published the modification of duty on or after 12:01&nbsp;a.m. [[مشرقی منطقۂ وقت|Eastern Time Zone]] May 10 to 25% for the products of China covered by the September 2018 action. The stated reason being that China reneged upon already agreed upon deals.
* May 15: Trump signed executive order 13873, which, according to Reuters, banned Huawei from buying vital U.S. technology without special approval and effectively barred its equipment from U.S. telecom networks on national security grounds.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/05/17/2019-10538/securing-the-information-and-communications-technology-and-services-supply-chain|title=Securing the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain|website=Federal Register|date=15 May 2019}}</ref>
* June 1: China will raise tariffs on $60 billion worth of US goods.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/13/china-is-raising-tariffs-on-60-billion-of-us-goods-starting-june-1.html|title=China is raising tariffs on $60 billion of US goods starting June 1|last=Pramuk|first=Jacob|date=2019-05-13|website=CNBC|language=en|accessdate=2019-10-12}}</ref>
* June 29: During the G20 Osaka summit, Trump announces he and [[شی جن پنگ|Xi Jinping]] agreed to a "truce" in the trade war after extensive talks. Prior tariffs are to remain in effect, but no future tariffs are to be enacted "for the time being" amid restarted negotiations. Additionally, Trump said he would allow American companies to sell their products to [[ہواوے|Huawei]], but the company would remain on the U.S. trade blacklist. However, the extent of how much this plan to temporarily exempt Huawei from previous bans would be implemented later became unclear and, in the weeks later, there was no clear indication of the reversal of Huawei bans.
* June 29: After a meeting with Chinese leader [[شی جن پنگ|Xi Jinping]], Trump announces "China is going to be buying a tremendous amount of food and agricultural product, and they're going to start that very soon, almost immediately."<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/10/us/politics/us-china-trade-war.html|title=China and U.S. Differ Over Agricultural Purchases Trump Boasted About|first=Ana|last=Swanson|first2=Keith|last2=Bradsher|date=July 10, 2019}}</ref> China disputed making such a commitment and one month later no such purchases had materialized.<ref name="auto">{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/11/politics/us-china-trade-dispute/index.html|title=Trump complains China isn't buying US agricultural products, despite his earlier claims|first=Kevin|last=Liptak|first2=Nikki|last2=Carvajal|website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/30/business/trump-china-trade.html|title=Trump Goads China and Plays Down Chances of a Trade Deal Before 2020|first=Ana|last=Swanson|first2=Jeanna|last2=Smialek|date=July 30, 2019}}</ref>
* July 11: Trump tweeted "China is letting us down in that they have not been buying the agricultural products from our great Farmers that they said they would." People familiar with the trade negotiations said China had made no firm commitments to purchase farm goods unless it was part of a comprehensive trade agreement.
* July 15: Official figures from China showed its second-quarter GDP growth at its slowest in 27 years.
* July 17: China announced an accelerated decrease in holdings of US treasury holdings, targeting 25% of its current holdings of $1.1 trillion.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.afr.com/markets/debt-markets/japan-s-holdings-of-us-treasuries-near-two-year-peak-20190717-p527wd|title=Japan's holdings of US Treasuries near two-year peak|date=July 16, 2019|website=Australian Financial Review}}</ref>
* August 1: Trump announced on Twitter that additional 10% tariff will be levied on the "remaining $300 billion of goods".
* August 5: The central bank of China (PBOC) let the Renminbi fall over 2% in three days to the lowest point since 2008 as it was hit by strong sales due to the threat of tariffs.
* August 5: The U.S. Department of Treasury officially declared China as a Currency Manipulator after the People's Bank of China allowed its yuan to depreciate that, according to CNN, was seen as retaliation to Trump's August 1 tariff announcement.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/05/business/china-currency-manipulator-donald-trump/index.html|title=Trump administration labels China a currency manipulator|last=Business|first=Donna Borak, CNN|website=CNN|accessdate=2019-08-05}}</ref> According to an article in the Washington POst, Trump reportedly pressured the Treasury Department Steven Mnuchin to authorize the designation. Both the [[بین الاقوامی مالیاتی فنڈ|IMF]] and the Chinese government have rejected the designation, with the IMF saying that the valuation of the yuan are in line with China's economic fundamentals.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/trump-pressured-mnuchin-to-label-china-currency-manipulator-a-move-he-had-previously-resisted/2019/08/15/b487bb2e-bf84-11e9-a5c6-1e74f7ec4a93_story.html|title=Trump pressured Mnuchin to label China 'currency manipulator,' a move he had previously resisted|website=Washington Post}}</ref>
* August 5: China ordered state-owned enterprises to stop buying US agricultural products in retaliation to Trump's August 1 tariff announcement.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8f470574-b744-11e9-8a88-aa6628ac896c|title=China tells companies to stop buying US agricultural goods|website=Financial Times|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-08-06|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20190805203631/https://www.ft.com/content/8f470574-b744-11e9-8a88-aa6628ac896c|archivedate=August 5, 2019}}</ref> Zippy Duvall, president of the American Farm Bureau Federation, called the move "a body blow to thousands of farmers and ranchers who are already struggling to get by," adding, "Farm Bureau economists tell us exports to China were down by $1.3 billion during the first half of the year. Now, we stand to lose all of what was a $9.1 billion market in 2018, which was down sharply from the $19.5 billion U.S. farmers exported to China in 2017."<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trade-china-agriculture-idUSKCN1UV0XJ|title=U.S. farmers suffer 'body blow' as China slams door on farm purchases|date=August 5, 2019}}</ref>
* August 13: Official figures from China showed its industrial output growth falling amid the trade war to a 17-year low.
* August 13: Trump delayed some of the tariffs. $112 billion worth will still take place on September 1 (which means that on September 1, $362 billion total worth, including the newly imposed $112 billion, of Chinese products will face a tariff), but the additional, not yet imposed, $160 billion will not take effect until December 15.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://fortune.com/2019/08/31/trumps-trade-war-with-china-is-about-to-hit-home/|title=Trump's Trade War with China is about to Hit Home|website=Fortune}}</ref> Trump and his advisors Peter Navarro, Wilbur Ross and Larry Kudlow said that the tariffs were postponed to avoid harming American consumers during the Christmas shopping season.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/08/15/trump-delays-tariffs-help-consumers-after-saying-tariffs-would-not-hurt-consumers/|title=Analysis &#124; Trump delays tariffs to help consumers after saying tariffs would not hurt consumers|website=Washington Post}}</ref>
* August 23: Chinese Ministry of Finance announced new rounds of retaliative tariffs on $75 billion worth of U.S. goods, effective beginning September 1.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/23/business/china-tariffs-trade-war/index.html|title=China retaliates with tariffs on $75 billion of US goods|last=Business|first=Yong Xiong and Victoria Cavaliere, CNN|website=CNN|accessdate=2019-08-23}}</ref>
* August 23: Trump tweeted that he "hereby ordered" American companies to "immediately start looking for an alternative to China". According to an article in the New York Times, Trump's aides said that no order had been drawn up nor was it clear one would be. In a tweet on the following day, Trump said that he had the authority to make good on his threat, citing the International Emergency Economic Powers Act of 1977.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/24/world/europe/trump-g7-summit.html|title=Trump Asserts He Can Force U.S. Companies to Leave China|date=August 24, 2019}}</ref> Furthermore, tariffs are to be raised from 25% to 30% on the existing $250 billion worth of Chinese goods beginning on October 1, 2019, and from 10% to 15% on the remaining $300 billion worth of goods beginning on December 15, 2019.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/08/23/trump-will-raise-tariff-rates-on-chinese-goods-in-response-to-trade-war-retaliation.html|title=Trump will raise tariff rates on Chinese goods in response to trade war retaliation|last=Pramuk|first=Jacob|date=August 23, 2019|website=CNBC|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=April 18, 2020}}</ref>
* August 26: At the G7 summit, Trump stated, "China called last night our top trade people and said ‘let’s get back to the table’ so we will be getting back to the table and I think they want to do something. They have been hurt very badly but they understand this is the right thing to do and I have great respect for it."<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/08/26/g7-donald-trump-says-china-ready-to-negotiate-on-trade-war.html|title=Trump on trade war: China wants to negotiate and we will be 'getting back to the table'|first=Amanda|last=Macias|date=August 26, 2019|website=CNBC}}</ref> Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang said he was unaware of such a call<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/08/donald-trump-china-call-fake|title=Aides Admit Trump Was Faking Those "Phone Calls" With China|first=Condé|last=Nast|website=Vanity Fair}}</ref> and Trump aides later said the call didn't occur but the president was trying to project optimism.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/28/politics/donald-trump-2020-election-pardons-walls-victories/index.html|title=A rattled Trump scrambles for victories ahead of election|first=Kaitlan|last=Collins|first2=Kevin|last2=Liptak|first3=Jeremy|last3=Diamond|first4=Dana|last4=Bash|website=CNN}}</ref>
* August 28: Americans for Free Trade, an umbrella group for 161 trade associations across numerous industries,<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=http://americansforfreetrade.com/members/|title=Members – Americans for Free Trade|website=americansforfreetrade.com}}</ref> sent Trump a letter asking him to postpone all scheduled tariff increases.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/459133-business-groups-urge-trump-to-delay-tariff-increases|title=Business groups urge Trump to delay tariff increases|first=Alex|last=Gangitano|date=August 28, 2019|website=TheHill}}</ref> The next day, Trump said "badly run and weak companies are smartly blaming these small Tariffs instead of themselves for bad management."<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/trump-faults-companies-over-management-as-tariffs-set-to-take-effect-2019-08-30|title=Trump faults companies over management as tariffs set to take effect|first=Robert|last=Schroeder|website=MarketWatch}}</ref>
* September 1: New USA and Chinese tariffs previously announced went into effect at 12:01 pm EST. China imposed 5% to 10% tariffs on one-third of the 5,078 goods it imports from America, with tariffs on the remainder scheduled for December 15.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/01/china-starts-to-impose-additional-tariffs-on-some-us-goods.html|title=China starts to impose additional tariffs on some US goods|date=September 1, 2019|website=CNBC}}</ref> The United States imposed new 15% tariffs on about $112 billion of Chinese imports, such that more than two-thirds of consumer goods imported from China were then subject to tariffs.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/steep-new-us-china-tariffs-go-into-effect-as-companies-warn-of-higher-consumer-prices|title=Steep new US, China tariffs go into effect, as companies warn of higher consumer prices|first=Gregg|last=Re|date=September 1, 2019|website=Fox News}}</ref>
* September 4: The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative and Chinese state media confirmed that deputy-level meetings in mid-September would lead to ministerial-level talks in coming weeks.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/04/business/us-china-trade-talks.html|title=U.S.-China Trade Talks to Resume, but New Tariffs Could Complicate Them|first=Alexandra|last=Stevenson|date=September 4, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-usa-trade-china-talks-idUKKCN1VQ07Y|title=USTR confirms ministerial level China trade talks in 'coming weeks'|date=September 5, 2019}}</ref> At the same time, the United States Department of Commerce issued preliminary antidumping duty determinations on fabricated structural steel from Canada, China, and Mexico. Furthermore, China was found liable for dumping up to 141.38% of fabricated structural steel into the United States and thereby prompted the U.S. Customs and Border Protection to collect cash deposits in the same rate, as instructed by the Commerce Department.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2019/09/us-department-commerce-issues-preliminary-antidumping-duty|title=U.S. Department of Commerce Issues Preliminary Antidumping Duty Determinations on Fabricated Structural Steel from Canada, China, and Mexico|website=U.S. Department of Commerce|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-05}}</ref>
* September 6: The People's Bank of China announces a 0.5 percent reduction in its reserve requirement ratio in response to the slowing of China's economic growth rates caused by the trade war.
* September 11: After China announced it was exempting 16 American product types from tariffs for one year, Trump announced he would delay until October 15 a tariff increase on Chinese goods previously scheduled for October 1. Trump asserted he granted the delay at the request of Chinese vice premier Liu He.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/11/us-china-trade-war-beijing-releases-tariffs-exemption-list.html|title=China exempts 16 American products from additional tariffs — here's the full list|first=Sam|last=Meredith|date=September 11, 2019|website=CNBC}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/11/trump-delays-tariff-hikes-by-two-weeks-in-good-will-gesture-to-china.html|title=Trump delays tariff hikes by two weeks in 'good will' gesture to China|first=Riya|last=Bhattacharjee|date=September 11, 2019|website=CNBC}}</ref>
* September 12: ''[[بلومبرگ نیوز|Bloomberg News]]'' and ''Politico'' reported that Trump advisors were increasingly concerned that the trade war was weakening the American economy going into the 2020 election campaign and were discussing ways to reach a limited interim deal.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-12/trump-advisers-considering-interim-china-deal-to-delay-tariffs|title=Trump Advisers Consider Interim China Deal to Delay Tariffs|last=Leonard|first=Jenny|last2=Donnan|first2=Shawn|publisher=Bloomberg|date=September 12, 2019|accessdate=October 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://politi.co/2I4gsfH|title=Trump team rushes to find escape hatch for China tariffs|first=Ben|last=White|first2=Adam|last2=Behsudi|website=POLITICO}}</ref> ''The Wall Street Journal'' reported China was seeking to narrow the scope of negotiations to place national security matters on a separate track from trade issues.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-seeks-to-narrow-trade-talks-with-u-s-in-bid-to-break-deadlock-11568284169|title=WSJ News Exclusive &#124; China Seeks to Narrow Trade Talks With U.S. in Bid to Break Deadlock|first=Lingling Wei and Chao Deng in Beijing and Josh Zumbrun in|last=Washington|website=WSJ}}</ref>
* September 26: ''The Wall Street Journal'' reported that Chinese retaliatory tariffs on lumber and wood products had caused hardwood lumber exports to China to fall 40% during 2019, resulting in American lumber mills slashing employment.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/its-a-crisis-lumber-mills-slash-jobs-as-trade-war-cuts-deep-11569490206|title='It's a Crisis'; Lumber Mills Slash Jobs as Trade War Cuts Deep|first=Austen|last=Hufford|date=September 26, 2019}}</ref> A USDA spokesperson said the organization had provided the industry $5 million in aid through its Agricultural Trade Promotion Program.
* October 7: Citing human rights issues, the United States Department of Commerce puts 20 Chinese public security bureaus and eight [[اعلیٰ طرزیات|high tech]] companies, such as HikVision, SenseTime and Megvii, on the Export Administration Regulations entities blacklist. Like [[ہواوے|Huawei]], which was sanctioned on an identical blueprint for national security reasons, the entities will need U.S. government approval before they can purchase components from U.S. companies.
* October 11: Trump announced that the United States and China had reached a tentative agreement for the "first phase" of a trade deal, with China agreeing to buy up to $50 billion in American farm products, and to accept more American financial services in their market, with the United States agreeing to suspend new tariffs scheduled for October 15. The deal was expected to be finalized in coming weeks.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-strikes-upbeat-notes-on-trade-talks-11570804097|title=U.S., China Reach Tentative 'Phase One' Trade Pact|first=William Mauldin and Vivian|last=Salama|website=WSJ}}</ref> At the same time, Chinese announcements did not express the same confidence, though a few days later the Chinese Foreign Ministry said that the two sides had the same understanding and had reached an agreement.
* October 17: Official figures from China showed its third quarter GDP growth at its slowest in almost 30 years.
* December 13: Both countries announce an initial deal where new tariffs to be mutually imposed on December 15 would not be implemented. China says it "will increase purchases of high-quality agricultural products from the U.S.", while the United States says it will halve the existing 15% tariffs.<ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2019-12-13/u-s-and-china-agree-to-partial-trade-deal-but-few-details-are-released|title=U.S. and China agree to partial trade deal, but few details are released|date=December 13, 2019|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/16/us-and-china-reached-a-trade-agreement-but-key-details-still-unclear.html|title=Despite the US-China trade agreement, key details are unclear|first=Evelyn|last=Cheng|date=December 16, 2019|website=CNBC}}</ref>
* December 31: ''The Wall Street Journal'' reported that the language of the phase one deal was expected to be released after the January 15 signing, and that Lighthizer said some details would be classified.<ref>"The text is expected to be released after the signing, although U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer has said some of the details on purchases will be classified" {{حوالہ ویب|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-says-he-will-sign-phase-one-trade-deal-with-china-on-jan-15-11577802332|title=Trump Says He Will Sign Phase-One Trade Deal With China on Jan. 15|first=Bob Davis and Andrew Restuccia in Washington and Lingling Wei in|last=Beijing|website=WSJ}}</ref>
 
 
 
 
 
== ਹਵਾਲੇ ==
 
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