ਇਸਲਾਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਦੇ ਨਾਮ ਜਾਂ ਅੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਦੇ 99 ਨਾਮ Arabic: أسماء الله الحسنى ʾasmāʾ allāh al-ḥusnā) ਅਜਿਹੇ ਨਾਮ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ਅੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਦੇ ਹਨ। ਹੋਰ ਥਾਵਾਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਵਰਣਨ ਕੁਰਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਸੁੰਨਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ।[1][2]

ਨਾਵਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੂਚੀ

ਸੋਧੋ

ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਸਰੋਤਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਅੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਦੇ ਨਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਥੋੜਾ ਬਹੁਤ ਅੰਤਰ ਹੈ। ਕੁਝ ਨਾਮ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਕੁਰਾਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਨ, ਕੁਝ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਹਦੀਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਤੇ ਕੁਝ ਦੋਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਨ।

ਅਰਬੀ ਲਿਪਿਆਂਤਰ ਅਨੁਵਾਦa ਵਰਤੋਂ ਹਵਾਲੇ ਦੀ ਕਿਸਮb
 1 الرحمن Ar-Raḥmān Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Exceedingly Compassionate, The Exceedingly Beneficent, The Exceedingly Gracious (to all of humanity and all creatures) Ar-Raḥmān Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. Beginning of every Surah (chapter) except one, and numerous other places. The first verse ('ayat) of Surah ar-Rahman (Surah 55) consists only of this Name. D
 2 الرحيم Ar-Raḥīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Exceedingly Merciful Ar-Raḥīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. Beginning of every Surah (chapter) except one, and numerous other places (there are a total of 114 Surahs in the Quran.) D
 3 الملك Al-Malik Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The King, The Sovereign Al-Malik Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 59:23, 20:114, 23:116 D
 4 القدوس Al-Quddūs Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Holy, The Divine, The Pure, The Purifier Al-Quddūs Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 59:23, 62:1 D
 5 السلام As-Salām Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Peace, The Source of Peace and Safety As-Salām Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 59:23 D
 6 المؤمن Al-Muʾmin Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The granter of security Al-Muʾmin Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 59:23 D
 7 المهيمن Al-Muhaymin Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine. The Controller Al-Muhaymin Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine., 59:23 D
 8 العزيز Al-ʿAzīz Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Almighty, The Invulnerable, The Honorable Al-ʿAzīz Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 3:6, 4:158, 9:40, 48:7, 59:23 D
 9 الجبار Al-Jabbār Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Irresistible, The Compeller Al-Jabbār Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 59:23 D
 10 المتكبر Al-Mutakabbir Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine. The Majestic, The Supreme Al-Mutakabbir Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine., 59:23 D
 11 الخالق Al-Khāliq Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Creator Al-Khāliq Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 6:102, 13:16,[3] 36:81, 39:62, 40:62, 59:24 D
 12 البارئ Al-Bāriʾ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Evolver, The Maker Al-Bāriʾ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 59:24 D
 13 المصور Al-Muṣawwir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Fashioner, The Shaper, The Designer Al-Muṣawwir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 59:24 D
 14 الغفار Al-Ghaffār Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Repeatedly Forgiving Al-Ghaffār Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 20:82, 38:66, 39:5, 40:42, 71:10 D
 15 القهار Al-Qahhār Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Subduer Al-Qahhār Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 12:39, 13:16, 14:48, 38:65, 39:4, 40:16 D
 16 الوهاب Al-Wahhāb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Bestower Al-Wahhāb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 3:18, 38:9, 38:35 D
 17 الرزاق Ar-Razzāq Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Provider Ar-Razzāq Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 51:58 D
 18 الفتاح Al-Fattāḥ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Opener, The Victory Giver Al-Fattāḥ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 34:26 D
 19 العليم Al-ʿAlīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All-Knowing, Omniscient Al-ʿAlīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:158, 3:92, 4:35, 24:41, 33:40 D
 20 القابض Al-Qābiḍ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Restrainer, The Straightener Al-Qābiḍ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:245 V
 21 الباسط Al-Bāsiṭ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Extender / Expander Al-Bāsiṭ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:245 V
 22 الخَافِض Al-Khāfiḍ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Abaser, The Humiliator, The Downgrader Al-Khāfiḍ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 56:3, see al-Kafʿamī[4] O
 23 الرافع Ar-Rāfiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Exalter, The Upgrader Ar-Rāfiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 58:11, 6:83 V
 24 المعز Al-Muʿizz Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Giver of Honor Al-Muʿizz Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 3:26 V
 25 المذل Al-Muzill Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Giver of Dishonor Al-Muzill Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 3:26 V
 26 السميع As-Samīʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All-Hearing As-Samīʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:127, 2:256, 8:17, 49:1 D
 27 البصير Al-Baṣīr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All-Seeing Al-Baṣīr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 4:58, 17:1, 42:11, 42:27 D
 28 الحكم Al-Ḥakam Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Judge, The Arbitrator Al-Ḥakam Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 22:69 V
 29 العدل Al-ʿAdl Archived 2015-11-26 at the Wayback Machine. The Utterly Just Al-ʿAdl Archived 2015-11-26 at the Wayback Machine., 6:115, See al-Kafʿamī[5]
 30 اللطيف Al-Laṭīf Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Gentle, The Subtly Kind Al-Laṭīf Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 6:103, 22:63, 31:16, 33:34 D
 31 الخبير Al-Khabīr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All-Aware Al-Khabīr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 6:18, 17:30, 49:13, 59:18 D
 32 الحليم Al-Ḥalīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Forbearing, The Indulgent Al-Ḥalīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:235, 17:44, 22:59, 35:41 A
 33 العظيم Al-ʿAẓīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Magnificent Al-ʿAẓīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:255, 42:4, 56:96 D
 34 الغفور Al-Ghafūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Much-Forgiving Al-Ghafūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:173, 8:69, 16:110, 41:32 D
 35 الشكور Ash-Shakūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Grateful Ash-Shakūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 35:30, 35:34, 42:23, 64:17 A
 36 العلي Al-ʿAlī Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Sublime Al-ʿAlī Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 4:34, 31:30, 42:4, 42:51 34:23 D
 37 الكبير Al-Kabīr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Great Al-Kabīr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 13:9, 22:62, 13:30, 34:23 D
 38 الحفيظ Al-Ḥafīẓ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Preserver Al-Ḥafīẓ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 11:57, 34:21, 42:6 A
 39 المقيت Al-Muqīt Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Nourisher Al-Muqīt Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 4:85 I
 40 الحسيب Al-Ḥasīb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Bringer of Judgment Al-Ḥasīb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 4:6, 4:86, 33:39 I
 41 الجليل Al-Jalīl Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Majestic Al-Jalīl Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 55:27, 7:143 A, V
 42 الكريم Al-Karīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Bountiful, The Generous Al-Karīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 27:40, 82:6 D
 43 الرقيب Ar-Raqīb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Watchful Ar-Raqīb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 4:1, 5:117 D
 44 المجيب Al-Mujīb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Responsive, The Answerer Al-Mujīb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 11:61 A
 45 الواسع Al-Wāsiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Vast, The All-Embracing, The Omnipresent, The Boundless Al-Wāsiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:268, 3:73, 5:54 A
 46 الحكيم Al-Ḥakīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All-Wise Al-Ḥakīm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 31:27, 46:2, 57:1, 66:2 D
 47 الودود Al-Wadūd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Loving Al-Wadūd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 11:90, 85:14 D
 48 المجيد Al-Majīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All-Glorious, The Majestic Al-Majīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 11:73 A
 49 الباعث Al-Bāʿith Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Resurrector Al-Bāʿith Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 22:7 V
 50 الشهيد Ash-Shahīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Witness Ash-Shahīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 4:166, 22:17, 41:53, 48:28 A
 51 الحق Al-Ḥaqq Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Truth, The Reality Al-Ḥaqq Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 6:62, 22:6, 23:116, 24:25 D
 52 الوكيل Al-Wakīl Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Trustee, The Dependable, The Advocate Al-Wakīl Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 3:173, 4:171, 28:28, 73:9 A
 53 القوي Al-Qawiy Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine. The Strong Al-Qawiy Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine., 22:40, 22:74, 42:19, 57:25 D
 54 المتين Al-Matīn Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Firm, The Steadfast Al-Matīn Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 51:58 D
 55 الولي Al-Walī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Friend, Patron and Helper Al-Walī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 4:45, 7:196, 42:28, 45:19 D
 56 الحميد Al-Ḥamīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All Praiseworthy Al-Ḥamīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 14:8, 31:12, 31:26, 41:42 D
ਫ਼ਾਈਲ "57-al-muhsee.ogg" ਨਹੀਂ ਲੱਭੀ المحصي Al-Muḥsee[permanent dead link] The Accounter, The Numberer of All Al-Muḥṣī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 72:28, 78:29 V
 58 المبدئ Al-Mubdiʾ Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Originator, The Producer, The Initiator Al-Mubdiʾ Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13 V
 59 المعيد Al-Muʿīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Restorer, The Reinstater Who Brings Back All Al-Muʿīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13 V
 60 المحيي Al-Muḥyī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Giver of Life Al-Muḥyī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 7:158, 15:23, 30:50, 57:2 V
 61 المميت Al-Mumīt Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Bringer of Death Al-Mumīt Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 3:156, 7:158, 15:23, 57:2 V
 62 الحي Al-Ḥayy Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Living Al-Ḥayy Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:255, 3:2, 20:111, 25:58, 40:65 D
 63 القيوم Al-Qayyūm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Subsisting, The Independent Al-Qayyūm Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:255, 3:2, 20:111 D
 64 الواجد Al-Wājid Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Perceiver, The Finder, The Unfailing Al-Wājid Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 38:44 V
 65 الماجد Al-Mājid Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Illustrious, The Magnificent Al-Mājid Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 85:15, 11:73, see al-Kafʿamī[6] A
 66 الواحد Al-Wāḥid Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Unique, The Single Al-Wāḥid Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 13:16, 14:48, 38:65, 39:4 D
 67 الاحد Al-ʾAḥad Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The One, The Indivisible Al-ʾAḥad Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 112:1 A
 68 الصمد Aṣ-Ṣamad Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Eternal, The Absolute, The Self-Sufficient Aṣ-Ṣamad Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 112:1 D
 69 القادر Al-Qādir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The All-Powerful, He Who is able to do Everything Al-Qādir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 6:65, 46:33, 75:40 D
 70 المقتدر Al-Muqtadir Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Determiner, The Dominant Al-Muqtadir Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 18:45, 54:42, 6:65 A
 71 المقدم Al-Muqaddim Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Expediter, He Who Brings Forward Al-Muqaddim Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 16:61 V
 72 المؤخر Al-Muʾakhkhir Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine. The Delayer, He Who Puts Far Away Al-Muʾakhkhir Archived 2015-11-28 at the Wayback Machine., 71:4 V
 73 الأول Al-ʾAwwal Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The First, The Beginning-less Al-ʾAwwal Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 57:3 D
 74 الأخر Al-ʾAkhir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Last, The Endless Al-ʾAkhir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 57:3 D
 75 الظاهر Aẓ-Ẓāhir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Manifest, The Evident, The Outer Aẓ-Ẓāhir Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 57:3 D
 76 الباطن Al-Bāṭin Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Hidden, The Unmanifest, The Inner Al-Bāṭin Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 57:3 D
 77 الوالي Al-Wālī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Patron, The Protecting Friend, The Friendly Lord Al-Wālī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 13:11 I
 78 المتعالي Al-Mutaʿālī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Supremely Exalted, The Most High Al-Mutaʿālī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 13:9 D
 79 البر Al-Barr Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Good, The Beneficent Al-Barr Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 52:28 D
 80 التواب At-Tawwāb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Ever-Returning, Ever-Relenting At-Tawwāb Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:128, 4:64, 49:12, 110:3 D
 81 المنتقم Al-Muntaqim Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine. The Avenger Al-Muntaqim Archived 2015-11-27 at the Wayback Machine., 32:22, 43:41, 44:16 P
 82 العفو Al-ʿAfū Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Pardoner, The Effacer, The Forgiver Al-ʿAfū Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 4:43, 4:99, 4:149, 22:60, 58:2 V, I
 83 الرؤوف Ar-Raʾūf Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Kind, The Pitying Ar-Raʾūf Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine.,3:30, 9:117, 57:9, 59:10 I
 84 مالك الملك Mālik-ul-Mulk Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. Owner of all Sovereignty Mālik-ul-Mulk Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 3:26 D
 85
ذو الجلال والإكرام
Lord of Majesty and Generosity Dhū-l-Jalāli-wa-l-ʾikrām Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 55:27, 55:78 D
 86 المقسط Al-Muqsiṭ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Equitable, The Requiter Al-Muqsiṭ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine.,7:29, 3:18, See al-Kafʿamī[7] O
 87 الجامع Al-Jāmiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Gatherer, The Unifier Al-Jāmiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 3:9 I
 88 الغني Al-Ghanī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Rich, The Independent Al-Ghanī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine.,3:97, 39:7, 47:38, 57:24 I, A, D
 89 المغني Al-Mughnī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Enricher, The Emancipator Al-Mughnī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 9:28 V
 90 المانع Al-Māniʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Withholder, The Shielder, The Defender Al-Māniʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., See al-Kafʿamī[8]
 91 الضار Aḍ-Ḍārr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Distressor, The Harmer, The Afflictor Aḍ-Ḍārr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 6:17, see al-Kafʿamī[9]
 92 النافع An-Nāfiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Propitious, The Benefactor, The Source of Good An-Nāfiʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 30:37, see al-Kafʿamī[9]
 93 النور An-Nūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Light An-Nūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 24:35 I
 94 الهادي Al-Hādī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Guide, The Way Al-Hādī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 22:54 I
 95 البديع Al-Badīʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Incomparable, The Unattainable, The Beautiful Al-Badīʿ Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:117, 6:101 I
 96 الباقي Al-Bāqī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Immutable, The Infinite, The Everlasting Al-Bāqī Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 55:27, see al-Kafʿamī[10] V
 97 الوارث Al-Wārith Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Heir, The Inheritor of All Al-Wārith Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 15:23, 57:10 P
 98 الرشيد Ar-Rashīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Guide to the Right Path Ar-Rashīd Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:256, 72:10, see al-Kafʿamī[10]
 99 الصبور Aṣ-Ṣabūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. The Timeless, The Patient Aṣ-Ṣabūr Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine., 2:153, 3:200, 103:3 I

a Can vary based on context.      b D = Direct; V = from Verb; A = from Adjective or Adjectival Phrase; I = from Indefinite noun; P = from Plural noun; O = Other

ਹਵਾਲੇ

ਸੋਧੋ
  1. Fleming, Marrianne; Worden, David (2004). Religious Studies for AQA; Thinking About God and Morality. Oxford: Heinemann Educational Publishers. ISBN 0-435-30713-4.
  2. Abdullah Saeed, The Qur'an: An Introduction, pg. 63. London: Routledge, 2008. ISBN 9781134102945
  3. "ਪੁਰਾਲੇਖ ਕੀਤੀ ਕਾਪੀ". Archived from the original on 2009-01-29. Retrieved 2014-12-29. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. al-Kafʿamī, ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī (1436-1500 CE). al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā[permanent dead link]. Beirut: Dār al-Hādī (1992). page 38. (WorldCat listing)
  5. al-Kafʿamī, ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī (1436-1500 CE). al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā[permanent dead link]. Beirut: Dār al-Hādī (1992). page 40. (WorldCat listing)
  6. al-Kafʿamī, ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī (1436-1500 CE). al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā[permanent dead link]. Beirut: Dār al-Hādī (1992). page 48. (WorldCat listing)
  7. al-Kafʿamī, ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī (1436-1500 CE). al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā[permanent dead link]. Beirut: Dār al-Hādī (1992). pages 58-59. (WorldCat listing)
  8. al-Kafʿamī, ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī (1436-1500 CE). al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā[permanent dead link]. Beirut: Dār al-Hādī (1992). page 61. (WorldCat listing)
  9. 9.0 9.1 al-Kafʿamī, ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī (1436-1500 CE). al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā[permanent dead link]. Beirut: Dār al-Hādī (1992). page 58. (WorldCat listing)
  10. 10.0 10.1 al-Kafʿamī, ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī (1436-1500 CE). al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā[permanent dead link]. Beirut: Dār al-Hādī (1992). page 64. (WorldCat listing)