ਅਸਲ ਫ਼ਾਈਲ (732 × 987 ਪਿਕਸਲ, ਫ਼ਾਈਲ ਅਕਾਰ: 394 KB, MIME ਕਿਸਮ: image/jpeg)

ਇਹ ਫ਼ਾਈਲ Wikimedia Commons ਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਪਰਿਯੋਜਨਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੀ ਵਰਤੀ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ । ਇਸ ਫ਼ਾਈਲ ਦੇ ਵੇਰਵਾ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਵੇਰਵਾ ਹੇਠ ਦਿਸ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ।

ਸਾਰ

ਵੇਰਵਾ
English: A portrait of Atatürk from the 1930s. Kemal Atatürk (Mustafa Kemal Pasha until 1934, Kamâl Atatürk from 1935 to 1937, commonly referred to as Mustafa Kemal Atatürk; 1881 – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish field marshal, revolutionary statesman, author, and the founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President from 1923 until his death in 1938. (He was elected president four times.) He undertook sweeping progressive reforms, which modernized Turkey into a secular, industrializing nation. Ideologically a secularist and nationalist, his policies and theories became known as Kemalism. Due to his military and political accomplishments, Atatürk is regarded as one of the most important political leaders of the 20th century.
Türkçe: Atatürk'ün 1930'lardan bir portresi.

Kemal Atatürk (1934'e kadar Mustafa Kemal Paşa, 1935'ten 1937'ye kadar Kamâl Atatürk, yaygın olarak Mustafa Kemal Atatürk; 1881 - 10 Kasım 1938), Türk asker, devlet adamı, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kurucu cumhurbaşkanı.

Birinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Osmanlı ordusuna hizmet eden Atatürk; Çanakkale Cephesi'nde miralaylığa, Sina ve Filistin Cephesi'nde ise Yıldırım Orduları komutanlığına atandı. Savaşın sonunda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun yenilgisini takiben Kurtuluş Savaşı ile simgelenen Türk Ulusal Hareketi'ne önderlik etti. Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı sürecinde Ankara Hükûmeti'ni kurdu, Türk Orduları Başkomutanı olarak Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi'ndeki başarısından dolayı 19 Eylül 1921 tarihinde "Gazi" unvanını aldı ve mareşalliğe yükseldi, askerî ve siyasi eylemleriyle İtilaf Devletleri ve onların işbirlikçilerine karşı zafer kazandı. Savaşın ardından Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi'ni Halk Fırkası adıyla kurdu ve ilk genel başkanı oldu. 29 Ekim 1923'te cumhuriyetin ilanının akabinde cumhurbaşkanı seçildi. 1938'deki ölümüne dek dört dönem bu görevi yürüterek Türkiye'de en uzun süre cumhurbaşkanlığı yapmış kişi oldu.

Atatürk modern, ilerici ve laik bir ulus devlet ihdas etmek için politik, ekonomik ve kültürel alanlarda sekülarist ve milliyetçi karakterde reformlar gerçekleştirmiştir: Yabancılara tanınan ekonomik imtiyazlar kaldırıldı ve onlara ait üretim araçları ve demiryolları millîleştirildi. Tevhîd-i Tedrîsât Kanunu ile eğitim birleştirildi. Seküler ve bilimsel eğitim esas alındı. Binlerce yeni okul inşa edildi. İlköğretim ücretsiz ve zorunlu hale getirildi. Yabancı okullar devlet denetimine alındı. Çiftçi ve köylünün sırtındaki ağır vergiler azaltıldı. Medeni Kanun, dil, alfabe ve kıyafet reformları yapıldı. Takvim, saat ve ölçüler değiştirildi. Kadınların siyasi ve medeni hakları pek çok Batı ülkesinden önce tanındı. Çok eşlilik yasaklandı. Kadınların şahitliği ve miras hakkı erkeklerinkiyle eşit hale getirildi. Benzer şekilde, dünyanın çoğu ülkesinden önce olarak Türkiye'de kadınlara önce yerel (1930), sonra genel seçimlerde (1934) seçme ve seçilme hakkı tanındı. Ceza ve borçlar hukukunda seküler yasalar yürürlüğe konuldu. Sanayi Teşvik Kanunu kabul edildi. Toprak Reformu için çabalandı. Arap harfleri temelli Osmanlı alfabesinin yerine Latin harfleri temelli yeni Türk alfabesi kabul edildi. Halkı okuryazar kılmak için eğitim seferberliği başlatıldı. Üniversite Reformu gerçekleştirildi. Birinci Beş Yıllık Sanayi Planı yürürlüğe konuldu. Sınıf ve statü farkı gözeten lâkap ve unvanlar kaldırıldı ve soyadları yürürlüğe konuldu.

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları, Türk Hava Yolları, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Hıfzıssıhha Enstitüsü, Türkkuşu, Sümerbank, Etibank, Türk Tarih Kurumu, Türk Dil Kurumu ve daha birçok kamu kurumu Atatürk tarafından veya Atatürk'ün desteğiyle kuruldu. Millî tarım, tekstil, makine, uçak ve otomobil endüstrilerinin gelişimini destekledi.
ਮਿਤੀ 1930lu seneler
ਸਰੋਤ https://mustafakemalim.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Mustafa-Kemal-Atat%C3%BCrk-portresi-1932.jpg
ਲਿਖਾਰੀ Unknown authorUnknown author

ਲਸੰਸ

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  • The protection period continues during the lifetime of the author of the work and for 70 years after his death.
  • For works published after the death of their author, the protection period is 70 years after the date of death.
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  • In case the author of the work is a legal person, the protection period is 70 years from the date that the work is published.

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1932

11 ਜੁਲਾਈ 2017

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black-and-white photography ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ

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