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ਬਰਟਰੈਂਡ ਰਸਲ

ਬਰਟਰੈਂਡ ਆਰਥਰ ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਰਸਲ, ਤੀਜਾ ਅਰਲ ਰਸਲ, ਓਐਮ, ਐਫਆਰਐੱਸ[55] (/ˈrʌsəl/; 18 ਮਈ 1872 – 2 ਫਰਵਰੀ 1970), ਇੱਕ ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਫ਼ਿਲਾਸਫ਼ਰ, ਗਣਿਤਗਿਆਨੀ, ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕਾਰ, ਲੇਖਕ, ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਆਲੋਚਕ ਅਤੇ ਸਿਆਸੀ ਕਾਰਕੁਨ ਸੀ।[56][57] ਉਸ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਦੇ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਸਮਿਆਂ ਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਉਦਾਰਵਾਦੀ, ਸਮਾਜਵਾਦੀ, ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀਵਾਦੀ ਕਿਹਾ, ਪਰ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਇਹ ਵੀ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਡੂੰਘੇ ਗੰਭੀਰ ਅਰਥਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕੋਈ ਵੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਸੀ।[58]

ਬਰਟਰੈਂਡ ਰਸਲ
ਜਨਮ
ਬਰਟਰੈਂਡ ਆਰਥਰ ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਰਸਲ

(1872-05-18)18 ਮਈ 1872
Trellech, Monmouthshire,[1] ਯੁਨਾਈਟਿਡ ਕਿੰਗਡਮ
ਮੌਤ2 ਫਰਵਰੀ 1970(1970-02-02) (ਉਮਰ 97)
Penrhyndeudraeth, ਵੇਲਜ਼, ਯੁਨਾਈਟਿਡ ਕਿੰਗਡਮ
ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀਅਤਾਬਰਤਾਨਵੀ
ਪੁਰਸਕਾਰਡੇ ਮੋਰਗਨ ਮੈਡਲ (1932)
ਸਾਹਿਤ ਲਈ ਨੋਬਲ ਪੁਰਸਕਾਰ (1950)
ਕਲਿੰਗਾ ਪੁਰਸਕਾਰ (1957)
ਯਰੂਸ਼ਲਮ ਪੁਰਸਕਾਰ (1963)
ਕਾਲ20th-century philosophy
ਖੇਤਰWestern philosophy
ਸਕੂਲਵਿਸ਼ਲੇਸ਼ਣਮਈ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ
ਮੁੱਖ ਰੁਚੀਆਂ
ਮੁੱਖ ਵਿਚਾਰ
 
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੇ
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹੋਣ ਵਾਲੇ
ਦਸਤਖ਼ਤ

ਹਵਾਲੇ

ਸੋਧੋ
  1. ↑ Monmouthshire's Welsh status was ambiguous at this time.
  2. ↑ Ronald Jager (2002). The Development of Bertrand Russell's Philosophy, Volume 11. Psychology Press. pp. 113–114. ISBN 9780415295451.
  3. ↑ Nicholas Griffin, ed. (2003). The Cambridge Companion to Bertrand Russell. Cambridge University Press. p. 85. ISBN 9780521636346.
  4. ↑ Roberts, George W. (2013). Bertrand Russell Memorial Volume. Routledge. ISBN 9781317833024.
  5. ↑ Rosalind Carey, John Ongley (2009). Historical Dictionary of Bertrand Russell's Philosophy. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810862920.
  6. ↑ Ilkka Niiniluoto (2003). Thomas Bonk (ed.). Language, Truth and Knowledge: Contributions to the Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap. Springer. p. 2. ISBN 9781402012068.
  7. ↑ Wolfgang Händler, Dieter Haupt, Rolf Jelitsch, Wilfried Juling, Otto Lange (1986). CONPAR 1986. Springer. p. 15. ISBN 9783540168119.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ Hao Wang (1990). Reflections on Kurt Gödel. MIT Press. p. 305. ISBN 9780262730877.
  9. ↑ Phil Parvin (2013). Karl Popper. C. Black. ISBN 9781623567330.
  10. ↑ Roger F. Gibson, ed. (2004). The Cambridge Companion to Quine. Cambridge University Press. p. 2. ISBN 9780521639491.
  11. ↑ Robert F. Barsky (1998). Noam Chomsky: A Life of Dissent. MIT Press. p. 32. ISBN 9780262522557.
  12. ↑ François Cusset (2008). French Theory: How Foucault, Derrida, Deleuze, & Co. Transformed the Intellectual Life of the United States. U of Minnesota Press. p. 97. ISBN 9780816647323.
  13. ↑ Alan Berger, ed. (2011). Saul Kripke. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139500661.
  14. ↑ Dov M. Gabbay, Paul Thagard, John Woods, Theo A.F. Kuipers (2007). "The Logical Approach of the Vienna Circle and their Followers from the 1920s to the 1950s". General Philosophy of Science: Focal Issues: Focal Issues. Elsevier. p. 432. ISBN 9780080548548.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ↑ Dermot Moran (2012). Husserl's Crisis of the European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. p. 204. ISBN 9780521895361.
  16. ↑ Grattan-Guinness. "Russell and G.H. Hardy: A study of their Relationship". McMaster University Library Press. Archived from the original on 4 ਜਨਵਰੀ 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  17. ↑ Douglas Patterson (2012). Alfred Tarski: Philosophy of Language and Logic. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230367227.
  18. ↑ Rosalind Carey, John Ongley (2009). Historical Dictionary of Bertrand Russell's Philosophy. Scarecrow Press. pp. 15–16. ISBN 9780810862920.
  19. ↑ Ray Monk (2013). Robert Oppenheimer: A Life Inside the Center. Random House LLC. ISBN 9780385504133.
  20. ↑ Anita Burdman Feferman, Solomon Feferman (2004). Alfred Tarski: Life and Logic. Cambridge University Press. p. 67. ISBN 9780521802406.
  21. ↑ Andrew Hodges (2012). Alan Turing: The Enigma. Princeton University Press. p. 81. ISBN 9780691155647.
  22. ↑ Jacob Bronowski (2008). The Origins of Knowledge and Imagination. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300157185.
  23. ↑ Nicholas Griffin, Dale Jacquette, ed. (2008). Russell vs. Meinong: The Legacy of "On Denoting". Taylor & Francis. p. 4. ISBN 9780203888025.
  24. ↑ Sankar Ghose (1993). "V: Europe Revisited". Jawaharlal Nehru, a Biography. Allied Publishers. p. 46. ISBN 9788170233695.
  25. ↑ "Street-Fighting Years: An Autobiography of the Sixties". Verso. p. 2005. Archived from the original on 2013-12-09. Retrieved 2015-02-12. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ↑ Michael Albert (2011). Remembering Tomorrow: From SDS to Life After Capitalism: A Memoir. Seven Stories Press. ISBN 9781609800017.
  27. ↑ Jon Lee Anderson (1997). Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life. Grove Press. p. 38. ISBN 9780802197252.
  28. ↑ Marc Joseph (2004). "1: Introduction: Davidson's Philosophical Project". Donald Davidson. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. p. 1. ISBN 9780773527812.
  29. ↑ James A. Marcum (2005). "1: Who is Thomas Kuhn?". Thomas Kuhn's Revolution: An Historical Philosophy of Science. Continuum. p. 5. ISBN 9781847141941.
  30. ↑ Nathan Salmon (2007). "Introduction to Volume II". Content, Cognition, and Communication: Philosophical Papers II: Philosophical Papers II. Oxford University Press. p. xi. ISBN 9780191536106.
  31. ↑ Christopher Hitchens, ed. (2007). The Portable Atheist: Essential Readings for the Nonbeliever. Da Capo Press. ISBN 9780306816086.
  32. ↑ Gregory Landini (2010). Russell. Routledge. p. 444. ISBN 9780203846490.
  33. ↑ Carl Sagan (2006). Ann Druyan (ed.). The Varieties of Scientific Experience: A Personal View of the Search for God. Penguin. ISBN 9781594201073.
  34. ↑ George Crowder (2004). Isaiah Berlin: Liberty, Pluralism and Liberalism. Polity. p. 15. ISBN 9780745624778.
  35. ↑ Elsie Jones-Smith (2011). Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy: An Integrative Approach: An Integrative Approach. SAGE. p. 142. ISBN 9781412910040.
  36. ↑ "Interview with Martin Gardner" (PDF). American Mathematical Society. June–July 2005. p. 603. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  37. ↑ Peter S Williams (2013). S Lewis Vs The New Atheists. Authentic Media Inc. ISBN 9781780780931.
  38. ↑ Loretta Lorance, Richard Buckminster Fuller (2009). Becoming Bucky Fuller. MIT Press. p. 72. ISBN 9780262123020.
  39. ↑ Dr. K. Sohail (February 2000). "How Difficult it is to Help People Change their Thinking – Interview with Dr. Pervez Hoodbhoy". Archived from the original on 16 ਜੁਲਾਈ 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  40. ↑ Bradley W. Bateman, Toshiaki Hirai, Maria Cristina Marcuzzo, ed. (2010). The Return to Keynes. Harvard University Press. p. 146. ISBN 9780674053540.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  41. ↑ Isaac Asimov (2009). I.Asimov: A Memoir. Random House LLC. ISBN 9780307573537.
  42. ↑ Paul Kurtz (1994). Vern L. Bullough, Tim Madigan (ed.). Toward a New Enlightenment: The Philosophy of Paul Kurtz. Transaction Publishers. p. 233. ISBN 9781412840170.
  43. ↑ John P. Anderson (2000). Finding Joy in Joyce: A Readers Guide to Ulysses. Universal-Publishers. p. 580. ISBN 9781581127621.
  44. ↑ Paul Lee Thomas (2006). Reading, Learning, Teaching Kurt Vonnegut. Peter Lang. p. 46. ISBN 9780820463377.
  45. ↑ Gregory L. Ulmer (2005). Electronic Monuments. U of Minnesota Press. p. 180. ISBN 9780816645831.
  46. ↑ Paul J. Nahin (2011). "9". Number-Crunching: Taming Unruly Computational Problems from Mathematical Physics to Science Fiction. Princeton University Press. p. 332. ISBN 9781400839582.
  47. ↑ Mie Augier, Herbert Alexander Simon, James G. March, ed. (2004). Models of a Man: Essays in Memory of Herbert A. Simon. MIT Press. p. 21. ISBN 9780262012089.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  48. ↑ William O'Donohue, Kyle E. Ferguson (2001). The Psychology of B F Skinner. SAGE. p. 19. ISBN 9780761917595.
  49. ↑ Gustavo Faigenbaum (2001). Conversations with John Searle. LibrosEnRed.com. p. 28. ISBN 9789871022113.
  50. ↑ William M. Brinton, Alan Rinzler, ed. (1990). Without Force Or Lies: Voices from the Revolution of Central Europe in 1989–90. Mercury House. p. 37. ISBN 9780916515928.
  51. ↑ David Wilkinson (2001). God, Time and Stephen Hawking. Kregel Publications. p. 18. ISBN 9780825460296.
  52. ↑ Reiner Braun, Robert Hinde, David Krieger, Harold Kroto, Sally Milne, ed. (2007). Joseph Rotblat: Visionary for Peace. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9783527611270.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  53. ↑ Ned Curthoys, Debjani Ganguly, ed. (2007). Edward Said: The Legacy of a Public Intellectual. Academic Monographs. p. 27. ISBN 9780522853575.
  54. ↑ Azurmendi, Joxe (1999): Txillardegiren saioa: hastapenen bila, Jakin, 114: pp 17–45. ISSN 0211-495X
  55. ↑ doi:10.1098/rsbm.1973.0021
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  56. ↑ The Life of Bertrand Russell. Knopf. 1976. p. 119. ISBN 9780394490595. He became a relentless political activist during the First World War, and throughout his life was an ardent advocate of parliamentary democracy through the support first of the Liberal Party and then of Labour.
  57. ↑ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "Bertrand Russell", 1 May 2003
  58. ↑ "I have imagined myself in turn a Liberal, a Socialist, or a Pacifist, but I have never been any of these things, in any profound sense."—Autobiography, p. 260.
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