ਮਦਦ:ਇਸਤੋਨੀਆਈ ਅਤੇ ਫ਼ਿਨਲੈਂਡੀ ਲਈ IPA

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Estonian and Finnish pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. See Finnish phonology and Estonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.

IPA Examples English approximation
Consonants
d Finnish ladot ladder
h hevonen horse
j joulu yoyo
k kala scold
l laulu lack
[1] Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) leep
m metsä mocha
n nenä nanny
[1] Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) new
p puu spill
r rauta rolled r
s sinä sole
[1] Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) super (some dialects)
t tina stand
[1] Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) tune
ʋ viha Between v and w
Stress
ˈ hevonen (placed on the first syllable)
IPA Examples English approximation
Vowels
ɑ pouta Same as but shorter than a in father
ɑː poutaa father
æ pöytä cat
æː päivää mad
e[2] tere let
[2] eesti émigré
i klid kid
siika see
o[2] oksa chore
[2] koostaa No English equivalent, similar to French bureau
ø[2] pöytä Similar to RP word or bird,
Swedish öl,
øː[2] säröön Similar to RP bird,
German schön
ɤ Estonian only: õlu Similar to (oʊ) in Estonia, code, boat, goal, bone, go
ɤː Estonian only: õõnsus Same as above but longer
u surma wood
suu coop
y Finnish kesy
Estonian küla
No English equivalent; similar to French tu, German füllen
Finnish ryyppy
Estonian rüüpa
No English equivalent; similar to French Lune, German führen

Finnish diphthongs

ਸੋਧੋ

ai, au, äi, äy, ei, eu, oi, ou, öi, öy, ui, yi, iu, ie, uo, yö, (ey), (iy).

Estonian diphthongs

ਸੋਧੋ

ae, ai, ao, au, äe, äi, äo, äu, ea, ei, eo, iu, oa, oe, oi, ou, õa, õe, õi, õo, õu, öa, öe, öi, ui, üi.

Notes and References

ਸੋਧੋ

ਹਵਾਲੇ

ਸੋਧੋ
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 In Estonian, the palatalized consonants, /tʲ lʲ/ are pronounced like their non-palatalized counterparts, but with constriction of the tongue towards the hard palate, as if pronouncing a simultaneous /j/.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 The open-mid vowels œ ɔ] may also be seen for /e ø o/.

ਫਰਮਾ:IPA keys horizontal