The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Romanian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See Romanian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Romanian and Romanian alphabet for the correspondence between spelling and pronunciation.
|
|
| Consonants
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
| b
|
ban |
boy
|
| d
|
dop |
day
|
| d͡ʒ[1]
|
ger
|
jeep
|
| f
|
foc |
face
|
| ɡ
|
gol, unghie |
good
|
| h
|
horn |
hat
|
| k
|
cal, chip, kilogram, quasar |
skip
|
| l
|
lună |
love
|
| m
|
mic |
moon
|
| n
|
nor |
name
|
| ŋ[2]
|
lung |
long
|
| p
|
pas |
span
|
| r[3]
|
rac, mare
|
roughly like water (American English)
|
| s
|
sare |
sun
|
| ʃ
|
șarpe |
shape
|
| t
|
tare |
stop
|
| t͡s[1]
|
țară |
cats
|
| t͡ʃ[1]
|
cer |
texture
|
| v
|
val, watt |
voice
|
| z
|
zid |
zone
|
| ʒ
|
jar |
measure
|
| Marginal consonants
|
| ɲ
|
Saligny |
roughly like canyon
|
|
| Vowels
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
| a
|
apă |
roughly like father
|
| e[4]
|
erou |
roughly like bet
|
| [[Mid-central vowel#Mid-central unrounded vowel|ə]]
|
ăsta |
about
|
| i
|
inel, mie |
beet
|
| ɨ
|
înspre, cârnat/cîrnat |
roses (for some dialects)
|
| o[4]
|
oraș |
law (British English)
|
| u |
uda, dual |
soon
|
| Marginal vowels
|
| ø[4]
|
bleu, loess |
roughly like sir
|
| y
|
ecru, fürer |
roughly like few
|
| ɑ̃
|
Henri |
roughly like croissant
|
|
|
| Semivowels[5]
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
| j
|
iarnă, creioane, rai, yacht
|
you or boy
|
| w
|
băcăuan, dulău, tweeter
|
wine or cow
|
| Diphthongs[5]
|
| e̯a
|
beată
|
short [e] followed by full [a]
|
| e̯o
|
vreo
|
short [e] followed by full [o]
|
| o̯a
|
foarte, găoace
|
short [o] followed by full [a]
|
|
|
| Other symbols
|
| IPA
|
Examples |
Explanation
|
| ˈ
|
dulău [duˈləw]
|
Main stress (placed before the stressed syllable)
|
| ˌ
|
extraordinar [ˌekstra.ordiˈnar]
|
Secondary stress
|
| .
|
mie [ˈmi.e]
|
Syllable marker, generally used between vowels in hiatus
|
| ʲ
|
rupi [ˈrupʲ]
|
Palatalization (placed after the palatalized consonant)
|
|
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 The affricates are correctly written with tie-bars: [t͡s], [t͡ʃ], [d͡ʒ]. As the tie-bars display incorrectly with some fonts, they are often omitted. However, these affricates contrast with the plosive-fricative sequences [ts], [tʃ] and [dʒ]. Usually the spelling of the Romanian word indicates the pronunciation, with the affricates spelled ț, c, g, with one letter, and the sequences ts, tș, dj, with two, but this is not always the case, especially in personal names.
- ↑ Not a separate phoneme, but an allophone of /n/ before velars.
- ↑ Intervocalic /r/ may be pronounced as a flap [ɾ].
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 The Romanian [e], [o] and [ø] are in fact realized as mid vowels: [e̞], [o̞], [ø̞]. In phonetic transcriptions, however, the lowering diacritic is usually omitted for simplicity.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 The approximants /j/ and /w/ can appear before and after vowels, including the diphthongs /e̯a/ and /o̯a/, in almost any combination.
