ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ
ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ ਜਾਂ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਣਾਈਆਂ ਗਈਆਂ ਮੋਸ਼ਨ ਤਸਵੀਰਾਂ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹਨ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ 20ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਦੇ ਅੰਤ ਤੋਂ ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ ਉੱਤੇ ਵੱਡਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਪਿਆ ਹੈ।[7][8] ਦੇਸ਼ ਭਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਫਿਲਮ ਨਿਰਮਾਣ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਮੁੱਖ ਕੇਂਦਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੁੰਬਈ, ਹੈਦਰਾਬਾਦ, ਚੇਨਈ, ਕੋਲਕਾਤਾ, ਕੋਚੀ, ਬੰਗਲੌਰ, ਭੁਵਨੇਸ਼ਵਰ-ਕਟਕ ਅਤੇ ਗੁਹਾਟੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹਨ।[details 1] ਕਈ ਸਾਲਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਫਿਲਮ ਉਦਯੋਗ ਸਾਲਾਨਾ ਫਿਲਮ ਆਉਟਪੁੱਟ ਦੇ ਮਾਮਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਸਥਾਨ 'ਤੇ ਹੈ।[28] ਬਾਕਸ ਆਫਿਸ ਦੇ ਸੰਦਰਭ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹ 2019 ਵਿੱਚ ਲਗਭਗ ₹19,000 ਕਰੋੜ (US $2.7 ਬਿਲੀਅਨ) ਦੀ ਕੁੱਲ ਕਮਾਈ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਤੀਜੇ ਸਥਾਨ 'ਤੇ ਸੀ।[5][29][30]
ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ | |
---|---|
ਸਕ੍ਰੀਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੰਖਿਆ | 8,700 (2022)[1] |
• ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ | 6 ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮਿਲੀਅਨ (2021)[2] |
ਫੀਚਰ ਫਿਲਮਾਂ ਬਣਾਈਆਂ (2021-22)[3] | |
ਕੁੱਲ | 2886 |
ਦਾਖਲਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਗਿਣਤੀ (2016)[4] | |
ਕੁੱਲ | 2,020,000,000 |
• ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ | 1.69 |
ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਫ਼ਿਲਮਾਂ | 1,713,600,000 |
ਕੁੱਲ ਬਾਕਸ ਆਫਿਸ (2019)[6] | |
ਕੁੱਲ | ₹19,000 ਕਰੋੜ ($2.56 ਬਿਲੀਅਨ) |
ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਫ਼ਿਲਮਾਂ | $2.1 ਬਿਲੀਅਨ (2015)[5] |
ਭਾਰਤੀ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ ਬਹੁ-ਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਬਹੁ-ਜਾਤੀ ਫਿਲਮ ਕਲਾ ਨਾਲ ਬਣਿਆ ਹੈ। 2019 ਵਿੱਚ, ਹਿੰਦੀ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ ਨੇ ਬਾਕਸ ਆਫਿਸ ਆਮਦਨ ਦੇ 44% ਦੀ ਨੁਮਾਇੰਦਗੀ ਕੀਤੀ, ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਤੇਲਗੂ ਅਤੇ ਤਾਮਿਲ ਫਿਲਮ ਉਦਯੋਗ, ਹਰੇਕ ਨੇ 13%, ਮਲਿਆਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਕੰਨੜ ਫਿਲਮ ਉਦਯੋਗਾਂ ਦੀ ਨੁਮਾਇੰਦਗੀ ਕੀਤੀ, ਹਰੇਕ ਨੇ 5% ਦੀ ਨੁਮਾਇੰਦਗੀ ਕੀਤੀ।[31] ਭਾਰਤੀ ਫਿਲਮ ਉਦਯੋਗ ਦੀਆਂ ਹੋਰ ਪ੍ਰਮੁੱਖ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਬੰਗਾਲੀ, ਮਰਾਠੀ, ਉੜੀਆ, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, ਗੁਜਰਾਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਭੋਜਪੁਰੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹਨ। 2022 ਤੱਕ, ਦੱਖਣੀ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਫਿਲਮ ਉਦਯੋਗਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਆਮਦਨ ਮੁੰਬਈ-ਅਧਾਰਤ ਹਿੰਦੀ ਫਿਲਮ ਉਦਯੋਗ (ਬਾਲੀਵੁੱਡ) ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਗਈ ਹੈ।[32][30] 2022 ਤੱਕ, ਤੇਲਗੂ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਸਿਨੇਮਾ ਦੀ ਬਾਕਸ-ਆਫਿਸ ਆਮਦਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਅੱਗੇ ਹੈ।[33][34][35][details 2]
ਨੋਟ
ਸੋਧੋ- ↑
- Hyderabad is the hub of the Telugu cinema.[9][10]
- Mumbai is known as the film capital of India and the hub of Bollywood.[11][12]
- Chennai is the hub of Tamil film industry.[13][14]
- Kolkata is the home of Bengali cinema.[15][16][17]
- Kochi is known as the hub of Malayalam cinema.[18][19][20][21]
- Bangalore is the hub of Kannada cinema.[22][23]
- The twin cities of Bhubaneswar & Cuttack play host to the Odia film industry.[24][25]
- Guwahati is the hub of Assamese cinema[26][27]
- ↑ Telugu cinema overtook Hindi cinema in box-office revenue during the COVID-19 pandemic and may not reflect a lasting change in the economic recovery.
ਹਵਾਲੇ
ਸੋਧੋ- ↑ Vinayak, A. J. (28 September 2022). "Why films from the South set the box office on fire". The Hindu Business Line (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Retrieved 6 March 2023.
- ↑ "Feature films: Cinema infrastructure – Capacity". UNESCO Institute for Statistics. UNESCO. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
- ↑ "Indian Feature Films Certified in 2021—22" (PDF). Film Federation of India. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
- ↑ "Culture: Feature Films". UNESCO Institute for Statistics. 2015. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Indian film industry's gross box office earnings may reach $3.7 billion by 2020: Report – Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". 26 September 2016.
- ↑ "India Box Office collections: Regional cinema led by Tamil movies overtakes Bollywood". The Financial Express. 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ↑ Hasan Suroor (26 October 2012). "Arts: Sharmila Tagore honoured by Edinburgh University". The Hindu. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
- ↑
-
- "How India's COVID crisis has changed Bollywood". Deutsche Welle. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
- "Leading film markets worldwide by number of films produced 2018". Statista. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
- "Tamil leads as India tops film production". The Times of India. 22 August 2013. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
- "Electrolux-2nd" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2012.
-
- ↑ "Most of Jubilee Hills, Film Nagar is Wakf land". The Hindu. 7 May 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "ANR inspired Telugu film industry's shift from Chennai". The Hindu. 13 May 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "The birth of India's film industry: how the movies came to Mumbai". The Guardian. 25 July 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
- ↑ "Commercial and bollywood hub Mumbai vs Media and political 'capital' Delhi: Is the race over?". The Economic Times. 25 December 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
- ↑ "Tamil films: How north Chennai marks its presence while Kodambakkam thrives". Hindustan Times. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ Hiro, Dilip (2010). After Empire: The Birth of a Multipolar World. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-56858-427-0.
- ↑ "Lights, camera, action..." Business Standard India. Business Standard. 21 January 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Will viewers return to theatres after lockdown? asks Bengal's film industry". Hindustan Times. 23 April 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Love, sex and the bhadralok". Business Line. 16 December 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Kochi sizzling onscreen". The New Indian Express. 29 January 2013. Archived from the original on 26 ਮਈ 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Mollywood comes home to Kochi". The Hindu. 4 March 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Kochi Says Lights, Camera, Action!". The New Indian Express. 6 April 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Mini-film city at Ramanthuruth". The Times of India. 7 November 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Bengaluru's 100-yr-old Badami House, hub of Kannada cinema, will soon be no more". The News Minute. 12 October 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Thriving nucleus of a film industry". The Hindu. 28 October 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "The New Capital at Bhubaneswar" (PDF). Government of Odisha. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 ਅਕਤੂਬਰ 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "First archives for Odia films soon". The New Indian Express. 25 June 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Express Rewind: Assamese cinema and the murmurs of a comeback". The New Indian Express. 30 December 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Guwahati to host 65th Filmfare Awards". The Times of India. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ "Leading film markets worldwide by number of films produced 2018". Statista (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- ↑ Frater, Patrick (13 April 2016). "Asia Expands Domination of Global Box Office". Variety. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 "India Box Office collections: Regional cinema led by Telugu, Tamil movies overtakes Bollywood". The Financial Express. 11 July 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ↑ "India – box office distribution by language 2019". Statista (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ↑ "The rise of South Indian Cinema: How Southern movies are going national". Moneycontrol (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). 7 December 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
- ↑ "Tollywood | ఆ విషయంలో బాలీవుడ్ను వెనక్కి నెట్టేసిన టాలీవుడ్." Namasthe Telangana (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ (ਅਮਰੀਕੀ)). 5 January 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
- ↑ S, Srivatsan (7 January 2022). "The 'pan-Indian' strategy of Telugu cinema". The Hindu (in Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
- ↑ Mukherjee, Nairita; Joshi, Tushar (22 December 2021). "Is South cinema the new Bollywood?". India Today. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
ਹੋਰ ਪੜ੍ਹੋ
ਸੋਧੋ- Celli, Carlo. (2013) "The Promises of India" National Identity in Global Cinema: How Movies Explain the World. Palgrave MacMillan, 61–70. ISBN 978-1137379023.
- Suresh Chabria; Paolo Cherchi Usai (1994). Light of Asia: Indian Silent Cinema, 1912–1934. Wiley Eastern. ISBN 978-81-224-0680-1.
- Stanley A. Wolpert (2006). Encyclopedia of India. ISBN 978-0-684-31350-4.
- Desai, Jigna (2004). Beyond Bollywood: The Cultural Politics of South Asian Diasporic Film. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-96684-9.
- K. Moti Gokulsing; Wimal Dissanyake (2004). Indian Popular Cinema: A Narrative of Cultural Change. Trentham Books Limited. ISBN 978-1-85856-329-9.
- Gulzar, Govin Nihalanni, & Saibel Chatterjee. Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema New Delhi: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2003. ISBN 81-7991-066-0.
- Khanna, Amit (2003), "The Business of Hindi Films", Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema: historical record, the business and its future, narrative forms, analysis of the medium, milestones, biographies, Encyclopædia Britannica (India) Private Limited, ISBN 978-81-7991-066-5.
- Gopal, Sangita; Moorti, Sujata (2008). Global Bollywood: Travels of Hindi Song and Dance. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-4578-7.
- Narweker, Sanjit, ed. Directory of Indian Film-Makers and Films. Flicks Books, 1994. ISBN 0-948911-40-9
- Stanley A. Wolpert (2006). Encyclopedia of India. ISBN 978-0-684-31351-1.
- Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey (1996). The Oxford History of World Cinema. Oxford University Press, US. ISBN 978-0-19-811257-0.
- Passek, Jean-Loup, ed. (1983). Le cinéma indien. Paris: Centre national d'art et de culture Georges Pompidou. ISBN 9782864250371. OCLC 10696565.
- Rajadhyaksha, Ashish; Willemen, Paul (1999). Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-57958-146-6.
- Stanley A. Wolpert (2006). Encyclopedia of India. ISBN 978-0-684-31351-1.
- Velayutham, Selvaraj (2008). Tamil Cinema: The Cultural Politics of India's Other Film Industry. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-39680-6.
- Watson, James L. (2009), Globalization, Encyclopædia Britannica.
- Report of the Indian Cinematograph Committee 1927–1928. Superintendent, The Government Press, Madras. 1928.
- Dwyer, Rachel; Patel, Divia (2002). Cinema India: The Visual Culture of Hindi Film. ISBN 978-0-8135-3175-5.
- Culture and Representation: The Emerging Field of Media Semiotics/J A H Khatri/Ruby Press & Co./ISBN 978-93-82395-12-6/ 2013.