| ਵਿਅੰਜਨ
|
| IPA |
ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ |
ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ |
ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਤੁੱਲ
|
| b
|
ਬ |
ب |
abash
|
| p˥
|
ਭ |
بھ |
ਸੁਰਾਤਮਕ p
|
| d̪
|
ਦ |
د |
ado
|
| t̪˥ [1]
|
ਧ |
دھ |
ਸੁਰਾਤਮਕ t̪
|
| ɖ [1]
|
ਡ |
ڈ |
guard
|
| ʈ˥ [1]
|
ਢ |
ڈھ |
ਸੁਰਾਤਮਕ ʈ
|
| dʒ
|
ਜ |
ج |
hedge
|
| tʃ˥
|
ਝ |
جھ |
ਸੁਰਾਤਮਕ tʃ
|
| f
|
ਫ਼ |
ف |
food
|
| ɡ
|
ਗ |
گ |
agate
|
| k˥
|
ਘ |
گھ |
ਸੁਰਾਤਮਕ k
|
| ɦ
|
ਹ |
ہ |
ahead
|
| j
|
ਯ |
ي |
yak
|
| k
|
ਕ |
ک |
scan
|
| kʰ
|
ਖ |
کھ |
can
|
| l
|
ਲ |
ل |
leaf
|
| m
|
ਮ |
م |
much
|
| n
|
ਨ |
ن |
not
|
| ɳ
|
ਣ |
- |
burner
|
| ŋ
|
ं |
- |
bank
|
| p
|
ਪ |
پ |
span
|
| pʰ
|
ਫ |
پھ |
pan
(often pronounced [f] in Punjabi)
|
| q
|
ਕ਼ |
ق |
a k in the throat
(often [k] in Punjabi)
|
| r
|
ਰ |
ر |
trilled r
|
| ɽ
|
ੜ |
ڑ |
US: larder
|
| ɽʱ
|
ੜ੍ਹ |
ڑھ |
as [ɽ] plus h
|
| s
|
ਸ |
س |
sue
|
| ʃ
|
ਸ਼ |
ش |
shoe
|
| t̪ [1]
|
ਤ |
ت |
stable
|
| t̪ʰ [1]
|
ਥ |
تھ |
table
|
| ʈ [1]
|
ਟ |
ٹ |
art
|
| ʈʰ [1]
|
ਠ |
ٹھ |
art-historian
|
| tʃ
|
ਚ |
چ |
catch
|
| tʃʰ
|
ਛ |
چھ |
choose
|
| ʋ[2]
|
ਵ |
و |
varies between w and v
|
| x
|
ਖ਼ |
خ |
Bach
|
| ɣ
|
ਗ਼ |
غ |
like a French r
Close to uvular flap.
|
| z
|
ਜ਼ |
ز |
zen
|
|
| ਸਵਰ
|
| IPA |
ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ |
ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ |
ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਤੁੱਲ
|
| aː
|
ਆ, ਪਾ |
آ, ـا |
bra
|
| eː
|
ਏ, ਪੇ |
ے |
between yell and Yale
|
| ɛː
|
ਐ, ਪੈ |
yell
|
| ə
|
ਅ, ਪ |
ـَ |
nut
|
| iː [3]
|
ਈ, ਪੀ |
ی |
feet
|
| ɪ [3]
|
ਇ, ਪਿ |
ـِ |
dill
|
| oː
|
ਓ, ਪੋ |
و |
old
|
| ɔː
|
ਔ, ਪੌ |
law
|
| uː [3]
|
ਊ, ਪੂ |
loot
|
| ʊ [3]
|
ਉ, ਪੁ |
ـُ |
look
|
| ̃
|
ੰ |
ں |
nasal vowel
([ãː], [õː], etc.)
|
|
